Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| Land use effects and climate impacts on evapotranspiration and catchment water balance Einfluss von Landnutzung und Klima auf die Gebietsverdunstung und den Wasserhaushalt von Flusseinzugsgebieten | |
| Renner;Maik | |
| 出版年 | 2014 |
| 学位授予单位 | Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden |
| 英文摘要 | Evapotranspiration ET is a dominant Earth System process that couples the water and energy cycles at the earth surface. The pressure of global environmental changes foster the broad scientific aim to understand impacts of climate and land-use on evapotranspiration under transient conditions. In this work, the spatial scale of river catchments is addressed through data analysis of hydrological and meteorological archives with ET classically derived through water balance closure. Through a synthesis of various catchments with different climatic forcings and hydrological conditions, the core objectives of this thesis are: - Did environmental changes in the past, such as climatic- or land-use and land cover (LULC) changes, result in detectable non-stationary changes in the hydro-climate time series? - How can the impacts of climatic- from LULC changes on the hydroclimatology of catchments be separated? - What are the factors that control the sensitivity of ET and streamflow to external changes? These research questions are addressed for the climatic scales of long-term annual averages and seasonal conditions which characterise the hydroclimatology of river catchments. Illustrated by a rich hydro-climatic archive condensed for 27 small to medium sized river catchments in Saxony, a method is proposed to analyse the seasonal features of river flow allowing to detect shifting seasons in snow affected river basins in the last 90 years. Observations of snow depth at these same times lead to the conclusion, that changes in the annual cycle of air temperature have a large influence on the timing of the freeze-thaw in late winter and early spring. This causes large changes in storage of water in the snow pack, which leads to profound changes of the river regime, particularly affecting the river flow in the following months. A model-based data analysis, based on the fundamental principles of water and energy conservation for long-term average conditions, is proposed for the prediction of ET and streamflow, as well as the separation of climate related impacts from impacts resulting from changes in basin conditions. The framework was tested on a large data set of river catchments in the continental US and is shown to be consistent with other methods proposed in the literature. The observed past changes highlight that (i) changes in climate, such as precipitation or evaporative demand, result in changes of the partitioning within the water and energy balance, (ii) the aridity of the climate and to a lesser degree basin conditions determine the sensitivity to external changes, (iii) these controlling factors influence the direction of LULC change impacts, which in some cases can be larger than climate impacts. This work provides evidence, that changes in climatic and land cover conditions can lead to transient hydrological behaviours and make stationary assumptions invalid. Hence, past changes present the opportunity for model testing and thereby deriving fundamental laws and concepts at the scale of interest, which are not affected by changes in the boundary conditions. Die Verdunstung ist ein maßgeblicher Prozess innerhalb des Klimasystems der Erde, welche den Wasserkreislauf mit dem Energiehaushalt der Erde verbindet. Eine zentrale wissenschaftliche Herausforderung ist, zu verstehen, wie die regionale Wasserverfügbarkeit durch Änderungen des Klimas oder der physiographischen Eigenschaften der Landoberfläche beeinflusst wird. Mittels einer integrierten Datenanalyse von vorhandenen langjährigen Archiven hydroklimatischer Zeitreihen werden die folgenden wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen dieser Dissertation diskutiert: - Haben beobachtete Änderungen der Landoberfläche und des Klimas zu nachweisbaren, instationären hydroklimatischen Änderungen geführt? - Lassen sich die hydroklimatischen Auswirkungen von Klimaänderungen und Änderungen der Landoberfläche voneinander unterscheiden? - Welche Faktoren beeinflussen die Sensitivität von Abfluss un |
| 英文关键词 | Verdunstung Wasserhaushalt Abfluss Zeitreihenanalyse Saisonalit?t Klima?nderungen Landoberfl?chen?nderungen Budyko Landnutzung Climate change Budyko hypothesis Land use LULC Hydrology Meteorology Water balance Evapotranspiration Streamflow time series analysis Seasonality Ddc:710 Rvk:RB 10444 Rvk:AR 22300 Rvk:AR 23100 Rvk:AR 22160 |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| URL | http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-131554 |
| 来源机构 | Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/248578 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Renner;Maik. Land use effects and climate impacts on evapotranspiration and catchment water balance Einfluss von Landnutzung und Klima auf die Gebietsverdunstung und den Wasserhaushalt von Flusseinzugsgebieten[D]. Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden,2014. |
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