Knowledge Resource Center for Ecological Environment in Arid Area
| The effect of crop rotation and tillage practice on soil moisture, nitrogen mineralisation, growth, development, yield and quality of wheat produced in the Swartland area of South Africa | |
| Wiese;Jacobus Daniel | |
| 出版年 | 2013 |
| 学位授予单位 | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| 英文摘要 | Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study was done during 2010 and 2011 as a component study within a long-term crop rotation/soil tillage trial that was started in 2007 at the Langgewens Research Farm near Moorreesburg in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of crop rotation and soil tillage on the soil moisture content, mineral-N levels of the soil, leaf area index, chlorophyll content of the flag leaf, biomass production, grain yield and grain quality of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L). The experimental layout was a randomised complete block design with a split-plot treatment design replicated four times. Wheat monoculture (WWWW), lupin-wheatcanola- wheat (LWCW) and wheat-medic (McWMcW) crop rotation systems were included in this study and allocated to main plots. This study was confined to wheat after medic/clover, wheat after canola and wheat monoculture. Each main plot was subdivided into four sub-plots allocated to four tillage treatments namely: Zero-till (ZT) – soil left undisturbed until planting with a star-wheel planter No-till (NT) – soil left undisturbed until planting and then planted with a no-till planter Minimum-till (MT) – soil scarified March/April and then planted with a no-till planter Conventional-till (CT) – soil scarified March/April, then ploughed and planted with a no-till planter. Soil samples were collected every two weeks from just before planting until before harvest, from which gravimetric soil moisture and total mineral-N (NO3--N and NH4+-N) were determined. Plant samples were collected every four weeks until anthesis, starting four weeks after emergence. From these leaf area index and dry-matter production were determined. Chlorophyll content and light interception were measured at anthesis. At the end of the growing season the total biomass, grain yield and grain quality was determined. Crop rotations which included medics (McWMcW) or canola/lupins (LWCW) led to higher mineral-N content of the soil at the start of the 2011 growing season when compared to wheat monoculture, but did not have an effect on soil moisture. Conservation tillage (minimum- and no-till) practices resulted in higher soil moisture whilst conventional-till resulted in the highest mineral-N content for 2010. There was however no differences in mineral-N content between tillage methods for 2011, whilst soil moisture content was affected in the same way as the previous year. Both crop rotation and tillage influenced crop development and biomass production. In general, increased soil disturbance together with wheat after medics and wheat after canola resulted in better development of the wheat crop with regards to dry matter production and leaf area index. The positive effect of medic and canola rotations was also evident on chlorophyll content and light interception. Grain yield was positively influenced by wheat after medics and wheat after canola, with both systems out-yielding wheat monoculture in 2010 and 2011. Minimum- and no-till resulted in the highest grain yield in both years. Crop rotation and tillage practice showed no clear trends with regards to grain quality. This illustrated the important effect of environmental conditions during grain-filling. Environmental factors such as rainfall and temperature had significant effects in both years of the study, but the importance and advantages of crop rotation, especially with a legume crop such as medics included, was evident even though this component study was done early in terms of the long-term study. The positive effect of implementing conservation tillage practices such as minimum- and no-till were also clearly shown in results obtained throughout this experiment. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie is gedurende 2010 en 2011 uitgevoer as ‘n deelstudie van ‘n langtermyn grondbewerking- en wisselbouproef op die Langgewens proefplaas naby Moorreesburg in die Wes-Kaap |
| 英文关键词 | Wheat -- Crop rotation Wheat -- Growth Wheat -- Nitrogen mineralisation Theses -- Agriculture Dissertations -- Agriculture |
| URL | http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80027 |
| 来源机构 | Stellenbosch University |
| 资源类型 | 学位论文 |
| 条目标识符 | http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/247395 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Wiese;Jacobus Daniel. The effect of crop rotation and tillage practice on soil moisture, nitrogen mineralisation, growth, development, yield and quality of wheat produced in the Swartland area of South Africa[D]. Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University,2013. |
| 条目包含的文件 | 条目无相关文件。 | |||||
| 个性服务 |
| 推荐该条目 |
| 保存到收藏夹 |
| 导出为Endnote文件 |
| 谷歌学术 |
| 谷歌学术中相似的文章 |
| [Wiese;Jacobus Daniel]的文章 |
| 百度学术 |
| 百度学术中相似的文章 |
| [Wiese;Jacobus Daniel]的文章 |
| 必应学术 |
| 必应学术中相似的文章 |
| [Wiese;Jacobus Daniel]的文章 |
| 相关权益政策 |
| 暂无数据 |
| 收藏/分享 |
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。
