干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 氮肥减量下缓释肥和尿素配施对黄土高原春玉米氮素利用和产量效益的影响

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	氮肥减量下缓释肥和尿素配施对黄土高原春玉米氮素利用和产量效益的影响
其他题名	Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiencies, Yields and Profits for Spring Maize by Using Mixtures of Slow-release Fertilizer and Normal Urea in Loess Plateau
	胡迎春 1; 韩云良 2; 施成晓 3; 宋端朴 1; 李雨泽 1; 温晓霞 1; 秦晓梁 1; 廖允成 1
来源期刊	西北农业学报
ISSN	1004-1389
出版年	2019
卷号	28 期号:7 页码:1068-1078
中文摘要	针对黄土高原春玉米生产中过量施肥和效益较低的问题,研究氮肥减量下缓释肥(Slow-release Urea,简称C)和尿素(Urea,简称U)配施对春玉米干物质量、地上部氮素积累量、产量、品质以及经济效益的影响。于2017和2018年在长武试验站进行试验,以半膜覆盖下的春玉米为研究对象,设置5种处理:不施氮肥(CK)、常规施肥模式为全尿素施肥(100%U, N 225 kg·hm~(-2))、缓释肥和尿素7∶3配施(100%CU,N 225 kg·hm~(-2))、氮肥减量20%下的缓释肥和尿素7∶3配施(80%CU, N 180 kg·hm~(-2))、氮肥减量40%下的缓释肥和尿素7∶3配施(60%CU,N 135 kg·hm~(-2))。结果表明:与施氮量225 kg·hm~(-2)相比,氮肥减量下的缓释肥和尿素配施处理均显著提高了氮肥利用率和氮肥偏生产力。与常规施肥相比,2 a的收获期80%CU处理均提高了土壤硝态氮质量分数,而干物质量、地上部氮素积累量、土壤铵态氮质量分数以及籽粒品质与之无显著差异。不同施氮处理中,80%CU在2 a均收获了最高的产量,与100%U和100%CU相比无显著差异,但显著高于60%CU。从经济效益来看,80%CU处理下春玉米生产中的纯利润最高,平均纯利润为11 122元·hm~(-2),平均每年比100%U增加189元·hm~(-2)。综上,在黄土高原地区氮肥减量20%下缓释肥和尿素配施可以实现减氮增效的目标。
英文摘要	Aimed at the problem of excessive but inefficient application of nitrogen fertilizer in the arid area in Northwest China, a two-year field experiment was conducted in the southern section of the Loess Plateau to investigate the effects of a mixture of conventional urea(abbreviated as U) and slow-release fertilizer(abbreviated as C) and N application rates on maize biomass, aboveground nitrogen accumulation, soil nitrate nitrogen, soil ammonium nitrogen, nitrogen use efficiencies, yield, kernel quality and economic benefit with semi-film flat covering. The experiment was carried out at Changwu experimental station in 2017 and 2018 with spring maize as the research object. The experiment included five treatments:no N application(CK); the conventional mode with N application rate of 225 kg·hm~(-2) (100%U);the combination of U and C with N application rate of 225 kg·hm~(-2) (100%CU);the combination of U and C with N application rate of 180 kg·hm~(-2) (80%CU);the combination of U and C with N application rate of 135 kg·hm~(-2) (60%CU). The above three treatments had the same C∶U ratio of 7∶3. The result showed that compared with 225 kg·hm~(-2) N application rate, the N using efficiency (NUE) and partial factor productivity of applied (NPFP) in 80%CU and 60%CU were significantly improved. Compared with 100%U, the NO_3~--N mass fraction of 100%CU and 80%CU is significantly higher in the harvest period. Furthermore, 80%CU has no significant difference in dry matter, nitrogen accumulation or grain quality compared with conventional fertilization. In different treatments, the highest grain yield was achieved in the treatment of 80% CU, and it was no significant difference in comparison with the treatments of 100%U and 100%CU in two years, but significantly higher than 60%CU. Moreover, 80%CU obtained the highest net profit among all treatments, with a two -year average of 11 222 yuan·hm~(-2), which was 189 yuan·hm~(-2) higher than 100%U. The results demonstrate that a moderate amount (180 kg·hm~(-2)) of the mixture of slow-release and normal urea is recommended for greater net revenue and nitrogen use efficiencies in Loess Plateau.
中文关键词	黄土高原 ; 春玉米 ; 缓释肥 ; 产量 ; 氮素利用效率
英文关键词	Loess Plateau Spring maize Slow-release fertilizer Yield Nitrogen use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6542306
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/239614
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学农学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.西北农林科技大学农学院;;周至县特色产业发展服务中心, ;;, 杨凌;;周至, 陕西;;陕西 712100;;710400, 中国; 3.西北农林科技大学农学院;;金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司, ;;国家缓控释肥工程技术研究中心, 杨凌;;临沭, 陕西;;山东 712100;;276700, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	胡迎春,韩云良,施成晓,等. 氮肥减量下缓释肥和尿素配施对黄土高原春玉米氮素利用和产量效益的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2019,28(7):1068-1078.
APA	胡迎春.,韩云良.,施成晓.,宋端朴.,李雨泽.,...&廖允成.(2019).氮肥减量下缓释肥和尿素配施对黄土高原春玉米氮素利用和产量效益的影响.西北农业学报,28(7),1068-1078.
MLA	胡迎春,et al."氮肥减量下缓释肥和尿素配施对黄土高原春玉米氮素利用和产量效益的影响".西北农业学报 28.7(2019):1068-1078.