干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同溶质及矿化度对土壤溶液盐离子的影响

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	不同溶质及矿化度对土壤溶液盐离子的影响
其他题名	Effects of solute types and degree of mineralization on salt ions in soil release solution
	郭全恩 1; 王益权 2; 南丽丽 3; 李保国 4; 曹诗瑜 5
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2019
卷号	35 期号:11 页码:105-111
中文摘要	中国西北旱区水源短缺已成为农业生产的重要限制因素,如何科学有效地利用微咸水资源对于提高灌区水资源利用效率和保障粮食安全生产具有十分重要的意义。该研究以甘肃省秦安县果园粉砂质黏壤土为研究对象,基于土壤水分特征曲线的测定方法,采用蒸馏水(CK)和不同矿化度(1, 3, 5, 10 g/L)的NaCl、Na_2SO_4两种类型的盐溶液对土壤饱和浸泡8~12 h后离心,收集不同转速下的释水溶液,研究不同吸力(pF分别为1.0,1.49,2.01,2.71,3.49,4.09)条件下土壤释水溶液盐分离子的组成。结果表明:不同矿化度的NaCl和Na_2SO_4对释水溶液电导率、HCO_3~-、Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+的影响差异均达极显著(p<0.01)或显著水平(p<0.05)。相同矿化度的NaCl和Na_2SO_4在土壤释水过程中对不同盐分离子的影响不同。同为1 g/L的NaCl和Na_2SO_4,NaCl中的Cl~-置换土壤中HCO_3~-的能力要强于Na_2SO_4中的SO_4~(2-)。在土壤水吸力(pF)小于2.01时,高矿化度(>3 g/L)的NaCl对于土壤溶液中Ca~(2+)的解离具有促进作用,且促进能力随着矿化度的增大而增大;在土壤水吸力(pF)大于2.01时,加入溶液中的Cl~-和SO_4~(2-)均具有抑制土壤中HCO_3~-的解离,加入溶液中的Cl~-具有抑制土壤中SO_4~(2-)的解离,加入溶液中的SO_4~(2-)具有抑制土壤溶液中Cl~-的解离,低矿化度(1 g/L)的NaCl对于土壤溶液中Ca~(2+)的解离具有抑制作用。不同矿化度的NaCl和Na_2SO_4,对土壤溶液中Mg~(2+)的解离具有促进作用。因此,从微咸水利用于盐渍化土壤改良的角度来看,对于苏打型盐土,可尝试用含Cl~-和SO_4~(2-)的盐水灌溉;对于硫酸盐型盐土,可尝试用含Cl~-的盐水灌溉;对于氯化物型盐土,可尝试用含SO_4~(2-)的盐水灌溉。
英文摘要	Water resource shortage has become an important limiting factor for the agricultural production in arid areas in Northwest China. The efficient utilization of brackish water resources is of great importance significance for food safety in irrigated areas. However, the influence of irrigation with different solute type and mineralization on salty ions in soil solution during the release water process is unknown. In the study, the soil samples were collected from orchard calcareous soil in Qin’an County of Gansu Province. The content of soil organic matter was 10.52 g/kg and pH was 8.54. Soil electrical conductivity was 0.43 mS/cm. The contents of HCO_3~-, Cl~-, SO_4~(2-), Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+), K~+ and Na~+ were 0.85, 0.16, 0.14, 0.24, 0.06, 0.05, 0.13 g/kg, respectively. The content of calcium carbonate was 134.8g/kg. Soil texture classification was based on the U.S. Department of Agriculture system and the soil texture was a silty clay loam, which has 25.2% sand, 53.9% silt, and 20.9% clay. The influences of two sodium salts (NaCl, Na_2SO_4) with different mineralization degrees (1, 3, 5, 10 g/L) on salt ion composition in soil solution were explored with the dehydration centrifugal method under different water suction conditions (pF 1.01, 1.49, 2.01, 2.71, 3.49, and 4.09), distilled water was used as control. The results showed that the influences of NaCl and Na_2SO_4 on electrical conductivity, HCO_3~-, Cl~-, SO_4~(2-), Ca~(2+), Mg~(2+), K~+ and Na~+ in soil release solution were significant (p<0.05) or extremely significant (p<0.01). The influences of NaCl and Na_2SO_4 with the same salinity on salt ions in soil release solution were different. The ability of Cl~- to replace HCO_3~- was better than SO_4~(2-) to replace HCO_3~- in soil solution of treatments with 1 g/L of NaCl and 1 g/L of Na_2SO_4. When soil water tension (pF) was less than 2.01, the NaCl solution with the degree of mineralization more than 3 g/L promoted the dissociation of the Ca~(2+) in soil solution and the promoting effects of dissociation increased with the increase of salinity. When soil water tension (pF) was more than 2.01, Cl~- and SO_4~(2-) in irrigation water inhibited the dissociation of HCO_3~- in soil solution and Cl~- in irrigation water inhibited the dissociation of SO_4~(2-) in soil solution, and SO_4~(2-) in irrigation water inhibited the dissociation of Cl~-, NaCl solution (the degree of mineralization of was 1 g/L) inhibited the dissociation of Ca~(2+) in soil solution. NaCl and Na_2SO_4 in irrigation water promoted the dissociation of Mg~(2+) in soil solution. Therefore, from the viewpoints of the improvement salinized soil using brackish water, for sodic-saline soils, it was possible to irrigate with brackish water containing the mostly of Cl~- and SO_4~(2-). For sulfate saline soil, it was possible to irrigate with brackish water containing the mostly of Cl~-. For chloride soils, it was possible to irrigate with brackish water containing the mostly of SO_4~(2-). The study could provide the basis for restraining soil salts in brackish water irrigation in arid regions.
中文关键词	土壤 ; 溶液 ; 盐离子 ; 水吸力 ; 咸水灌溉 ; 溶质类型 ; 矿化度
英文关键词	soils solution salty ions water suction saline water irrigation solute type mineralization degree
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6530863
来源机构	甘肃农业大学 ; 西北农林科技大学 ; 中国农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/239346
作者单位	1.甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所;;西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;;中国农业大学资源与环境学院, ;;;;, 兰州;;杨凌;;, ;;;;北京 730070;;712100;;100193; 2.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌, 712100; 3.甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 4.中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193, 中国; 5.甘肃省农业科学院土壤肥料与节水农业研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郭全恩,王益权,南丽丽,等. 不同溶质及矿化度对土壤溶液盐离子的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学, 西北农林科技大学, 中国农业大学,2019,35(11):105-111.
APA	郭全恩,王益权,南丽丽,李保国,&曹诗瑜.(2019).不同溶质及矿化度对土壤溶液盐离子的影响.农业工程学报,35(11),105-111.
MLA	郭全恩,et al."不同溶质及矿化度对土壤溶液盐离子的影响".农业工程学报 35.11(2019):105-111.