干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 嫩江流域新石器时代以来的环境考古(初步)研究

Arid

	嫩江流域新石器时代以来的环境考古(初步)研究
其他题名	RESEARCH OF ENVIRONMENTAL ARCHAEOLOGY (PRELIMINARY)IN NENJIANG RIVER BASIN SINCE NEOLITHIC AGE
	冷程程 1; 汤卓炜 2; 张伟 3; 介冬梅 1; 王江永 1; 刘旭 4; 鲍彤 5
来源期刊	第四纪研究
ISSN	1001-7410
出版年	2019
卷号	39 期号:1 页码:48-58
中文摘要	嫩江流域孕育的昂昂溪文化是新石器时代中国北方渔猎文化的代表文化。文章对昂昂溪文化的典型代表遗址--洪河遗址附近3m的自然沉积物剖面进行植硅体分析、粒度分析和烧失量测定,探讨了新石器时代以来嫩江流域人类活动的环境背景及昂昂溪渔猎文化走向衰亡的原因。结果表明,洪河剖面植硅体主要来自于禾本科植物,并以早熟禾亚科(C3植物)为主,剖面沉积物主要由嫩江冲积砂经风力吹扬、搬运、堆积而成。嫩江流域文化的空间分布和时间演替,在受到人类活动影响的同时,也与自然环境有密切的关系。在7024 ~ 3820 cal.aB.P.期间,嫩江流域气候温暖湿润,适宜人类生存繁衍,孕育了典型的昂昂溪渔猎文化;在4000 cal.a B.P.左右,气候呈现逐渐变冷干的趋势,同时昂昂溪文化也逐渐衰落;3820~ 1000 cal.a B.P.期间,气候持续冷干,导致部分居民离开昂昂溪地区沿嫩江逐渐向更加温暖的下游迁移以寻找更为适宜的栖息地,昂昂溪文化逐渐被取代;1000 cal.a B.P.以来,人类活动频繁,土地沙漠化日趋严重。
英文摘要	The Nenjiang River Basin (44°02’~50°36’N,119°12’~127°54’E)located in the eastern of Daxing’anling Mountains,northwest of the Northeast Plain,China.Many cultural sites since the Neolithic in the Nenjiang RiverBasin provide plenty materials for studying environmental change and ancient human activities in the region.TheAngangxi Culture in the Nenjiang River Basin is the representative culture of " Fishing and Hunting culture " innorthern China.Honghe Neolithic site lies on the right bank of the middle reaches of Nenjiang River,Tsitsihar City,Heilongjiang Province,in Northeast China.It is a representative site of Angangxi Culture.The studied naturalsediment profile(47°07’50"N,123°37’08"E)is located to the northwest of the Honghe Neolithic site.We sampleda 3m sequence and thirty samples were collected at 10-cm intervals from the bottom to the top,numberedsequentially from QH1 ~ QH30.The profile was divided into four layers based on sediment color and depositioncharacteristics.Detailed information about the sediment composition of the profile is given in Fig.3.Thechronological sequence was determined by AMS 14C dating.The vegetation at the site consists mainly of Artemisia,Chenopodiaceae,Poaceae,Asteraceae,Ulmus,Salix and Brassicaceae.We conducted phytolith analysis,grainsize analysis and LOI measurement,combined with archaeological articles,to explore the environmental backgroundof human activities in the Nenjiang River Basin since Neolithic Age and find the reasons for the decline of Angangxi"fishing and hunting Neolithic culture".The results of phytolith analysis showed that the phytoliths in the Honghe profile were mainly rondel,elongate,lanceolate and trapeziform and the vegetation was dominated by Pooideae (C3 plants).The results of grain sizeanalysis showed that the sediments of the Honghe profile are mainly composed of the alluvial sands from NenjiangRiver,which were transported by wind.During 7024 ~ 3820 cal.a B.P.,the climate was warm and wet.It wassuitable for humans to survive and the Angangxi Culture was flourished.During 3820~1000 cal.a B.P.,integratedthe multi-proxy results show that the climate was gradually becoming cold and dry,while the Angangxi culture wasgradually declining at around 4000 cal.a B.P.The archaeological data proved that there are progressive andevolutionary relationship between the remains of the Angangxi Culture and the Baijinbao Culture in Nenjiang RiverBasin.It is undeniably that the spatial distribution and temporal succession of different cultures in the Nenjiang River Basin were influenced by economy,war and surrounding culture.Therefore,it is speculated that thecontinuous cold and dry climate prompted the residents leaved the Angangxi region and migrated to the downstreamof the Nenjiang River,looking for a warmer and more suitable habitat to survive.The Angangxi Culture in themiddle reaches of the Nenjiang River gradually disappeared,replaced by Xiaolaha Culture and Baijinbao Culture.Since 1000 cal.a B.P.,The environment was dry and the land desertification became increasingly serious due tothe excessive influence of human activities.
中文关键词	嫩江流域 ; 洪河遗址 ; 昂昂溪文化 ; 植硅体分析 ; 环境考古
英文关键词	Nenjiang River Basin Honghe Neolithic site Angangxi Culture phytolith analysis environmental archaeology
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6438821
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/239045
作者单位	1.东北师范大学泥炭沼泽研究所, 长春, 吉林 130024, 中国; 2.吉林大学边疆考古研究中心, 长春, 吉林 130024, 中国; 3.黑龙江省文物考古研究所, 哈尔滨, 黑龙江 150008, 中国; 4.齐齐哈尔第十六中学, 齐齐哈尔, 黑龙江 161006, 中国; 5.苏州新区实验小学, 苏州, 江苏 215011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	冷程程,汤卓炜,张伟,等. 嫩江流域新石器时代以来的环境考古(初步)研究[J],2019,39(1):48-58.
APA	冷程程.,汤卓炜.,张伟.,介冬梅.,王江永.,...&鲍彤.(2019).嫩江流域新石器时代以来的环境考古(初步)研究.第四纪研究,39(1),48-58.
MLA	冷程程,et al."嫩江流域新石器时代以来的环境考古(初步)研究".第四纪研究 39.1(2019):48-58.