干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 2010 - 2017年藏北高寒退化草地禁牧恢复效果评价

Arid

	2010 - 2017年藏北高寒退化草地禁牧恢复效果评价
其他题名	Effectiveness of grazing exclusion on the restoration of degraded alpine grasslands on the Northern Tibetan Plateau from 2010 to 2017
	冯云飞 1; 李猛 2; 李少伟 3; 邸迎伟 4; 沈振西 3; 张宪洲 3; 余成群 3; 严俊 5; 席永士 6; 武建双 7
来源期刊	草业科学
ISSN	1001-0629
出版年	2019
卷号	36 期号:4 页码:1148-1162
中文摘要	针对退化草地进行禁牧封育是现行草原生态保护奖励补助政策的重要举措之一,科学地评估禁牧成效并探究其对气候的响应机制对于未来禁牧工程布局优化具有重要意义。本研究以西藏那曲和阿里两地市2 413块禁牧地为对象,计算草原生态保护补助奖励政策实施前(2000-2009年)和政策实施后(2010-2017年)禁牧草地归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index, NDVI)均值差(DeltaMean_(NDVI))和趋势差(DeltaTrend_(NDVI))来评价禁牧有效性,并结合两个时段内生长季温度和降水的均值差和趋势差探讨气候变化对高寒草地禁牧效果的影响。研究发现:(1)前后两个时段禁牧有效DeltaMean_(NDVI) > 0和DeltaTrend_(NDVI) > 0地块比例分别为67.3 %和40.5%,禁牧出现负面影响, DeltaMean_(NDVI) < 0和DeltaTrend_(NDVI) < 0的地块比例分别为22.5 %和31.0%;禁牧无显著影响,DeltaMean_(NDVI) 0和DeltaTrend_(NDVI) 0的地块比例分别为10.2 %和28.4%;(2) NDVI与生长季温度和降水相关性系数平均值分别0.27和0.37;前后两个时段NDVI与生长季温度相关性没有显著改变;草原和荒漠区禁牧地NDVI与生长季降水相关系数从0.236提升到0.370。(3)线性回归和方差分析均显示生长及温度和降水对NDVI影响显著但解释度很低(约2%)。本研究表明,藏北高原围栏禁牧对草地植被恢复有效性及其效益规模具有明显的空间异质性。因此,建议禁牧已出现负面影响的地块应及时开放为放牧地,有效的地块未来应探明其最佳禁牧年限,无效的地块应探讨除气候变化以外人文因素的影响。
英文摘要	Allowancing and awarding local herdsmen families for degraded grassland restoration, via grazing exclusion, is an important eco-compensation policy in China. A scientific assessment on how grazing exclusion and climate change affects ecological restoration is essential for improving the layout of enclosures at a broad spatial scale in the future. In this study, we focused on 2 413 enclosures that are distributed in Nagchu and Nagri, Tibetan Autonomous Region, China, and calculated the differences in the means and trends of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (DMeanNDVI and DTrend_(NDVI)) in these exclosures between two subperiods, prior to (2000 -2009) and after (2010 -2017) the current policy of payment for grassland restoration by fencing. The differences in the means and trends of the growing season temperature (GST) and precipitation (GSP) between corresponding subperiods were also calculated, for better understanding of how climatic variables affect NDVI change in fenced grasslands over time and across space. Our results show that exclosures with a DeltaMean_(NDVI) > 0 and DeltaTrend_(NDVI) > 0, account for 67.3% and 40.5% of all exclosures on the Northern Tibetan Plateau, respectively, indicating that grazing exclusion has effectively restored these degraded grasslands. The proportion of exclosures with a DeltaMean_(NDVI) < 0 and DeltaTrend_(NDVI) < 0 are 22.5% and 31.0%, respectively, indicating that grazing exclusion has negative influences on those fenced grasslands. A DeltaMean_(NDVI) 0 and a DeltaTrend_(NDVI) 0 can be found in 10.2% and 28.4% of exclosures, respectively, indicating that grazing exclusion by fencing has no evident influence there. In addition, we found that the NDVI of fenced grasslands were correlated with the GST (r = 0.27) and GSP (r = 0.37), and the correlation coefficients of NDVI with GST did not change between the two subperiods. In alpine and desert steppe zones, the correlation coefficients of NDVI with GSP increased from 0.236 in 2000 -2009 to 0.370 in 2010 -2017. The results of the linear regressions and analyses of variance further indicate that the GST and GSP have significant influences on the NDVI but can explain only a small fraction of its variance (approximately 2%). In summary, the effectiveness of grazing exclusion on the restoration of degraded grasslands showed a heterogeneous pattern over space across the Northern Tibetan Plateau. Therefore, we suggest opening the exclosures where fencing has negative influences, clarifying the optimal time for grazingexclusion where fencing has positive influences, and exploring the potential effects of other anthropogenic factors where fencing has no evident influences on grassland restoration.
中文关键词	藏北草原 ; 生态补偿 ; 补奖政策 ; 草地恢复 ; 气候变化
英文关键词	northern Tibetan Plateau ecological compensation allowancing and rewarding policy vegetation restoration climate change
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6500215
来源机构	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238954
作者单位	1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;;唐山师范学院资源管理系, 中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室;;中国科学院拉萨高原生态试验站;;, ;;唐山, 北京;;河北 100101;;063000, 中国; 2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;;中国科学院大学, 中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室;;中国科学院拉萨高原生态试验站;;, ;;, 北京;;北京 100101;;100049, 中国; 3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室;;中国科学院拉萨高原生态试验站, 北京 100101, 中国; 4.唐山师范学院资源管理系, 唐山, 河北 063000, 中国; 5.那曲市草原站, 那曲, 西藏 852000, 中国; 6.西藏自治区绿色食品办公室, 拉萨, 西藏 850000, 中国; 7.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;;柏林自由大学生物研究所生物多样性与理论生态学研究组, 中国科学院生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室;;中国科学院拉萨高原生态试验站;;, ;;柏林, 北京;;德国 100101;;14195, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	冯云飞,李猛,李少伟,等. 2010 - 2017年藏北高寒退化草地禁牧恢复效果评价[J]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2019,36(4):1148-1162.
APA	冯云飞.,李猛.,李少伟.,邸迎伟.,沈振西.,...&武建双.(2019).2010 - 2017年藏北高寒退化草地禁牧恢复效果评价.草业科学,36(4),1148-1162.
MLA	冯云飞,et al."2010 - 2017年藏北高寒退化草地禁牧恢复效果评价".草业科学 36.4(2019):1148-1162.