干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 裸岩石砾地生态恢复工程中覆土厚度对作物生长的影响

Arid

	裸岩石砾地生态恢复工程中覆土厚度对作物生长的影响
其他题名	Effect of Covering-soil Thickness on Crop Growth on Bare Rock and Gravel Land in an Ecological Restoration Project
	张扬 ; 李占斌 ; 韩霁昌 ; 李鹏 ; 李娟
来源期刊	资源与生态学报
ISSN	1674-764X
出版年	2018
卷号	9 期号:5 页码:484-492
中文摘要	为研究裸岩石砾地生态修复工程中覆土厚度对农作物生长的影响机制,对2010-2015年夏玉米的生理特性进行了分析研究。试验布设在裸岩石砾上,共进行了6种不同厚度的覆土处理,分别为:30(C30),40(C40),50(C50),60(C60), 80(C80)和100 cm(C100)。对土壤物理性质及相关作物生理特性和产量数据进行了分析研究,结果表明:(1)覆土层土壤容重随着作物种植年限的增加,及覆土厚度的增加而增加,土壤容重与覆土厚度呈对数相关关系。土壤沉降深度与覆土厚度之间的相关关系也有类似趋势,两者的关系也可用对数函数来描述(R~2=0.91)。(2)覆土厚度对夏玉米高度及作物叶绿素含量(SPAD值)有显著影响。在各处理中,拔节期和孕穗期的作物生长速率均高于孕穗期至灌浆期。经过两年的耕作利用后,C50处理的作物平均株高分别比C30,C40,C60,C80和C100处理高8.16%,3.32%,3.39%,9.86%和7.55%,不同处理方式之间的株高差异显着(p <0.05)。在抽穗期,SPAD值最高,经过两年的耕作使用后,C50处理的最高值为298.41。(3)覆土厚度对夏玉米的产量和水分利用效率(WUE)具有显著影响。试验期间,C50处理的平均作物产量和水分利用效率值最高分别为4614.12 kg ha~(-2)和13.57 kg ha~(-2) mm~(-1)。C50处理在2010-2015年多年平均水分利用效率显著高于其他处理。综上,裸岩石砾地覆土厚度50 cm时能够满足农作物生长需求,这种处理中的所有农作物生长指标都优于其他覆土厚度。研究成果为裸岩石砾地区土地整治和生态修复工程提供了科学依据,同时,在农业生态环境脆弱且耕地资源相对紧缺的非洲,该研究对于改善当地农业生态环境,增加耕地资源和农业收入具有重要的借鉴意义。
英文摘要	To study the mechanism by which the thickness of covering soil effects crop growth in an ecological restoration project of bare rock and gravel land, the physiological characteristics of summer maize were observed during 2010-2015. This experiment was set up on exposed rock land, which had been covered by soil with six different thicknesses: 30 (C30), 40 (C40), 50 (C50), 60 (C60), 80 (C80) and 100 cm (C100). During the experiment, soil physical properties and the physiological traits and yields of crops were recorded. The results indicated several effects. 1) With the same thickness level, soil bulk density of the covering soil increased in successive planting years. There was a logarithmic relationship between soil bulk density and covering thickness. There was also a strong algorithmic relationship between covering thickness and sedimentation coefficient (R~2=0.91). 2) The thickness of covering soil had a significant influence on both the height of summer maize, and soil and plant analyzer development (SPAD) values. In each treatment, the growth rates of the crops during the jointing and booting stages were higher than that in the booting to grain filling stage. After two years of land-use, the mean height of the crop in the C50 treatment was 8.16%, 3.32%, 3.31%, 9.86% and 7.55% higher than that for the C30, C40, C60, C80 and C100 treatments, respectively. The differences between treatments were significant (p < 0.05). SPAD values were highest at the heading stage. The highest value for the C50 treatment was 298.41 after two years of land-use. 3) Soil thickness significantly affected yields and the water use efficiency (WUE) of summer maize. The highest average crop yield and WUE value during the experimental period for the C50 treatment were 4614.12 kg hm~(-2) and 13.57 kg hm~(-2) mm, respectively. For the C50 treatment the multi-year average water use efficiency was significantly higher than that of the other treatments in 2010-2015. In conclusion, a soil thickness of 50 cm covering the bare exposed rock was adequate as a tillage layer for the crop, and all crop growth indexes in this treatment were better than for other soil thicknesses. The results provide a scientific basis for the land remediation and ecological restoration of bare rock and gravel land. At the same time, for Africa, where one-third of the land is desert, arable land resources are relatively scarce and agricultural ecology is fragile, can serve as a significant reference to improve the ecological environment, develop arable land resources and increase agricultural income.
中文关键词	覆土厚度 ; 夏玉米 ; 物理性质 ; 生理特性
英文关键词	soil thickness summer maize physical properties physiological characteristics
语种	英语
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6337708
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238893
作者单位	1.Xian University of Technology;;Shaanxi Province Land Engineering Construction Group CO., LTD., State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area;;, Xian;;Xian, ;; 710048;;710075; 2.Xian University of Technology;;Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area;;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Xian;;Yangling, ;;Shaanxi 710048;;712100; 3.Shaanxi Province Land Engineering Construction Group CO., LTD., Xian, 710075; 4.Xian University of Technology, State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area, Xian, 710048
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张扬,李占斌,韩霁昌,等. 裸岩石砾地生态恢复工程中覆土厚度对作物生长的影响[J],2018,9(5):484-492.
APA	张扬,李占斌,韩霁昌,李鹏,&李娟.(2018).裸岩石砾地生态恢复工程中覆土厚度对作物生长的影响.资源与生态学报,9(5),484-492.
MLA	张扬,et al."裸岩石砾地生态恢复工程中覆土厚度对作物生长的影响".资源与生态学报 9.5(2018):484-492.