干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青藏铁路南山口段风沙灾害防护体系优化

Arid

	青藏铁路南山口段风沙灾害防护体系优化
其他题名	Optimization of protection system against wind-sand disasters in Nanshankou section along Qinghai-Tibet railway
	赵洋 1; 高广磊 2; 丁国栋 2; 周金星 1; 姜鑫贵 1
来源期刊	中国水土保持科学
ISSN	2096-2673
出版年	2018
卷号	16 期号:4 页码:132-137
中文摘要	青藏铁路受到风沙灾害的严重威胁,得到世界范围的热切关注。为构建科学高效的青藏铁路风沙灾害防护体系,以风沙灾害典型路段一南山口段为研究对象,基于风沙灾害防护体系的野外调查,开展风洞模拟实验。研究结果显示:l)铁路路基是阻碍风沙运动的重要障碍物。风沙流遇阻抬升在路基迎风侧坡脚形成低速区,造成坡脚积沙;风沙流集流加速在路基迎风侧路肩形成高速区,造成路基风蚀。2)在当前防护体系中,第2、3道PE网栅栏防护效果较差,其积沙量仅占总积沙总量的2.42%和0.42%。轨枕栅栏防风阻沙效果较好,但其积沙压力较大,且与铁路距离较近,存在危害铁路运行的潜在风险。3)建议在铁路上风向增设高立式栅栏,将防护体系宽度增加至300 ~500 m,以利于将沙物质阻截在防护体系外缘;建议缩短PE网栅栏间距以持续降低风速,增强其阻沙效果。本研究可为青藏铁路风沙灾害防护体系建设与优化提供理论基础和技术支撑。
英文摘要	[Background] The Qinghai-Tibet Railway (QTR) runs 1956 km from Xining to Lhasa. It is the longest altiplano railway in the world and at the highest altitude. It is also a central project in the strategy of Western Development" in China. However, the QTR has been under constant threat from aeolian sand since its opening, and the Nanshankou section is one of the worst areas along the railway line. In order to build a scientific and efficient protection system against wind-sand disaster in Nanshankou,we conducted field investigation and wind tunnel experiment to reveal the mechanism of wind sand disasters. [Methods] The allocation model of protection system and volume of sand sediment around railway line was measured through the field investigation. Taking the roadbed and control measures as prototypes, scaled models were made for wind tunnel simulation. The speed of inflow in wind tunnel was kept at 15 m/s,which was highest frequency during the local windy season. And the KIMO hotwire anemometer was used to measure the wind speed in the working section of wind tunnel. The simulation research was made up of three parts: We firstly observed the flow field around the simulated roadbed to explore the vulnerability of the roadbed to windblown sand. Then, the simulated control measures was disposed around the roadbed to reveal the influence of current protection system on flow field. Finally, the efficiency and defects of current protection system were analyzed based on the modification simulation and distribution of sand sediment. [Results] The results indicate that: 1) Roadbed was an obviously obstacle in Nanshankou. The low-speed area occurred at the foot of windward slope, and the high-speed area occurred at the shoulder of windward side and the top of roadbed. These two areas were respectively responsible for sand deposition and wind erosion,harming the safety of the QTR. 2) In the current protection system, the distance between PE fences were 19 m and 20 m, respectively. It is too far for sediment precipitation. Hence, the sand sediment proportion blocked by the second and third PE fence was only 2.42% and 0.24%,respectively. 3) The wind tunnel experiment recommended that, the distance between each PE fence should be reduced to increase the efficiency. More sleeper typed fences should be added to the west side of current protection system to increase the width of protection distance and block the sand at outer space as much as possible. [Conclusions] This study reveal the characteristics of windblown sand near the railway, we put forward and discussed the possible improvement program. These improved information are essential to provide a firm basis for desertification control along the QTR,and the results of this paper may also be used in other areas where experience threats from windblown sand.
中文关键词	青藏铁路 ; 风沙灾害 ; 流场特征 ; 防护体系
英文关键词	Qinghai-Tibet railway wind-sand disaster flow filed structure protection system
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	TRANSPORTATION
WOS研究方向	Transportation
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6332322
来源机构	北京林业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238846
作者单位	1.北京林业大学水土保持学院, 水土保持国家林业局重点实验室, 北京 100083, 中国; 2.北京林业大学水土保持学院;;宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 水土保持国家林业局重点实验室;;宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, ;;盐池, 北京;;宁夏 100083;;751500, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	赵洋,高广磊,丁国栋,等. 青藏铁路南山口段风沙灾害防护体系优化[J]. 北京林业大学,2018,16(4):132-137.
APA	赵洋,高广磊,丁国栋,周金星,&姜鑫贵.(2018).青藏铁路南山口段风沙灾害防护体系优化.中国水土保持科学,16(4),132-137.
MLA	赵洋,et al."青藏铁路南山口段风沙灾害防护体系优化".中国水土保持科学 16.4(2018):132-137.