干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 平衡施肥对荒漠区黄冠梨生长与品质的影响

Arid

	平衡施肥对荒漠区黄冠梨生长与品质的影响
其他题名	Effects of balanced fertilization on growth and fruit quality ofHuang-guan’pear on desert area
	曹刚 1; 赵明新 1; 毕淑海 2; 曹素芳 1; 王玮 1; 李红旭 1
来源期刊	应用生态学报
ISSN	1001-9332
出版年	2018
卷号	29 期号:8 页码:2477-2484
中文摘要	对荒漠地区丰产期黄冠梨树生长发育特性、果实和叶片矿质元素含量进行分析,探讨平衡施肥对梨果生长和品质的影响,可为梨园确定合理的施肥水平提供理论依据.选取同一园区12年生黄冠梨为试验材料,设置低氮磷高硫(T_1) 、中氮磷中硫(T_2) 、高氮磷低硫(T_3) 3个处理,以常规施肥为对照(CK) .结果表明:不同处理对当年生枝和叶片的生长发育影响不大,但在连续施肥第2年后,T_1促进了当年生枝条的生长,枝条长度和粗度比对照分别提高了16.2%和11.4%.连续施肥2年后可以不同程度提高叶片中矿质元素的含量,其中T_1处理叶片Cu、Fe和Zn含量最高,T_2处理Mg和B含量最高,T_3处理P和Mn含量最高.与对照相比,不同施肥处理对果实产量影响均不明显,但对果实品质有较大影响,处理2年后T_2的可溶性糖和维生素C(Vc)含量均显著增加,分别比对照高出4.2%和7.1%,T_3处理有机酸含量最高,而T_1处理的可溶性固形物、可溶性糖和Vc含量均低于对照.果实中Fe含量与可溶性糖含量、果形指数呈显著正相关,分别与单果质量、有机酸和Vc含量呈显著负相关; P含量与果形指数、果实硬度呈显著正相关,与可溶性糖、有机酸和Vc含量呈显著负相关.综上,T_2处理在保证稳产、丰产的前提下,又起到了改善果实品质的作用,可作为荒漠区黄冠梨生产中适宜的施肥措施.
英文摘要	A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of balanced fertilization on growth and development,yield,fruit quality and mineral content inHuang-guan’pear to provide a theoretical basis for the reasonable level of fertilization in pear orchards. Four treatments were arranged with 12-year oldHuang-guan’pear trees from the same orchard: conventional fertilization (CK) , low levels of N,P_2O_5 and high level of S (T_1) ,medium levels of N,P_2O_5 and S (T_2) ,high levels of N,P_2O_5 and low level of S (T_3) . The results showed that different treatments had little effect on the growth and development of current-year branch and leaves in the first year. However,in the second year,T_1 treatment promoted the length and diameter of current-year branch by 16.2% and 11.4%,respectively. Continuous fertilization could increase the leaf mineral contents in different degrees. The contents of Cu,Fe,and Zn in leaves under T_1 treatment,Mg and B in leaves under T_2 treatment,and P and Mn in leaves under T_3 treatment were highest. Different fertilization levels had no significant effect on yield but on fruit quality. The contents of soluble sugars and vitamin C (Vc) were significantly increased by T_2 treatment,which was 4.2% and 7.1% higher than those in CK. However,T_1 significantly decreased contents of total soluble solid,soluble sugars and Vc, while highest organic acid content presented in T_3 . Fruit Fe content was positively correlated with soluble sugar content and fruit shape index,but was negatively correlated with single fruit mass, organic acids and Vc. Fruit P content was positively correlated with fruit shape index and firmness, but was negatively correlated with contents of soluble sugars,organic acids and Vc. Accordingly,T_2 could improve fruit quality and maintain the productivity,and thus should be the suitable fertilization strategy for theHuang-guan’pear management in desert area.
中文关键词	平衡施肥 ; 荒漠地区 ; 黄冠梨 ; 生长发育 ; 品质 ; 矿质元素
英文关键词	balance fertilization desert area Huang-guan pear growth and development fruit quality mineral elements
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	HORTICULTURE
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6313414
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238578
作者单位	1.甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 2.甘肃亚盛实业股份有限公司, 白银, 甘肃 730400, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	曹刚,赵明新,毕淑海,等. 平衡施肥对荒漠区黄冠梨生长与品质的影响[J],2018,29(8):2477-2484.
APA	曹刚,赵明新,毕淑海,曹素芳,王玮,&李红旭.(2018).平衡施肥对荒漠区黄冠梨生长与品质的影响.应用生态学报,29(8),2477-2484.
MLA	曹刚,et al."平衡施肥对荒漠区黄冠梨生长与品质的影响".应用生态学报 29.8(2018):2477-2484.