干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 施肥处理对春季冻融期灰漠土农田温室气体排放的影响

Arid

	施肥处理对春季冻融期灰漠土农田温室气体排放的影响
其他题名	Effects of Fertilization on Emission of Greenhouse Gases in Farmland of Gray Desert Soil during the Freezing and Thawing Alternation Period in Spring
	吕金岭 1; 刘骅 2; 王西和 2; 李太魁 3; 寇长林 3; 刘学军 4
来源期刊	土壤学报
ISSN	0564-3929
出版年	2018
卷号	55 期号:1 页码:159-173
中文摘要	绿洲灰漠土冻融交替明显,但缺乏该时期气体通量及动态变化方面的研究。选取NPK (氮磷钾肥)、NPKS (0.9NPK+0.1秸秆氮)、NPKM (1/3NPK+2/3羊粪氮)和NPKM+ (1.5倍NPKM)处理作为研究对象,利用静态箱气相色谱法开展2013-2014年春季冻融期温室气体排放观测试验。结果显示,春季冻融期间,有机肥添加处理CO_2排放量较高,其中NPKM+和NPKM处理CO_2平均排放量分别为C 113 mg m~(-2)h~(-1)和85 mg m~(-2) h~(-1),其次为NPKS (72 mg m~(-2) h~(-1))、NPK (75 mg m~(-2) h~(-1))和CK (35 mg m~(-2) h~(-1))。同样,NPKM+和NPKM处理有相对更高的N_2O排放,春冻平均排放通量分别为N 73 g m~(-2) h~(-1)和42 g m~(-2) h~(-1),显著高于NPKS (22 g m~(-2) h~(-1))和NPK (17 g m~(-2) h~(-1))处理(p<0.05)。CH4排放量相对较低,各处理无明显差异(p>0.05)。分析发现,N_2O在冻融期呈现先增加后急剧减少的趋势,CO_2变幅不明显。与全年总排放量相比,冻融期(27 d) N_2O的排放量占全年的9%~18%,CH_4冻融期间排放比重占全年排放量的6% ~ 14%。所以,冻融交替期是灰漠土农田温室气体排放的相对高发时期,估算温室气体排放时应充分考虑。
英文摘要	【Objective】 Freezing and thawing alternation is a natural phenomenon, especially in high latitude areas, like the northeast and northwest parts of China, The oasis in the arid regions where the winter is long with plenty of snowfall are naturally subjected to frequent freeze-thaw alternations in spring. A large number of researches have demonstrated that freeze-thaw alternation could lead to emission of high volumes of greenhouse gas. So, it is supposed that the croplands in the area studied may emit high volumes of greenhouse gases in winter and spring, but dynamics of the emission and fluxes of greenhouse gases emitted during this period are not well documented.【Method】 Along-term field experiment was initiated in April 1990 at the National Grey Desert Soil Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and designed to have a total of 12 treatments, among which 5 fertilization treatments, i.e. CK (No fertilization),NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium),NPKS (0.9NPK+0.1 Straw nitrogen),NPKM (1/3NPK + 2/3 sheep manure-nitrogen) and NPKM+ (1.5NPKM),were laid out for this study in a cropland of grey desert soil, and emissions of greenhouse gases during the freezing and thawing alternation periods of 2013 and 2014 monitored with the static box method and gas chromatography.【Result】 Results show that Treatments NPKM and NPKM+ reached C 113 and 85 mg m~(-2) h~(-1) on average in CO_2 emission, respectively, relatively higher than the other three Treatments NPKS, NPK and CK,being 72 mg m~(-2) h~(-1), 75 mg m~(-2) h~(-1) and 35 mg m~(-2) h~(-1), respectively. Similarly, Treatments NPKM+ and NPKM was relatively higher in N_2O flux, too, reaching N 73 and 42 g m~(-2) h~(-1) on average, respectively, which were obviously much higher than 22 g m~(-2) h~(-1) in Treatment NPKS and 17 g m~(-2) h~(-1) in Treatment NPK (p < 0.05). However, the treatments were all relatively low and did not differ much in GH_4 emission from each other. N_2O emission displayed a significant rising trend in flux during the early freeze-thaw period, but a declining one in the late period. CO_2 emission exhibited a similarly trend, too, but not so strong. The N_2O emission during the freezing and thawing alternation period (27 days) reached N 0.1 ~0.5 kg hm~(-2) a~(-1), accounting for 9% ~18% of the total of a year, while the CH_4 emission during the period accounted for 6% ~14% of the total and did not vary much with the treatment.【Conclusion】 The freezing and thawing period in spring is a time period of high frequency in greenhouse gas emission in the oasis of gray desert soil. Especially during the early and mid phases of the alternation period, both CO_2 and N_2O emissions were apparently on a rising trend, but during the late phase they dropped significantly along with the decline of soil moisture content. Among all the treatments, Treatments NPKM and NPKM+ had significantly longer emission periods and higher emission fluxes, while Treatments NPK and NPKS had higher peak values, but short emission periods. In addition, snowfall in winter was found to be a key factor affecting emissions of greenhouse gases. High snowfall could increase the soil water content and sustain the content for a longer period of time, which could in turn prolong the greenhouse gas emission period, while low snowfall could hardly sustain high soil water content for long, thus shortening the emission period. To sum up, all the findings in this experiment demonstrate that the emission of greenhouse gases from farmland of gray desert soil in the oases is high during the freezing and thawing alternation period. So it is necessary to take into account the greenhouse gas emission during this time period, when estimating volume of greenhouse gas emission and its warming potential in this area.
中文关键词	灰漠土 ; 绿洲农田 ; 施肥 ; N_2O、CO_2和CH_4 ; 冻融交替
英文关键词	Grey desert soil Oasis cropland, Fertilization N_2O,CO_2 and CH4 Freezing and thawing alternation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6151723
来源机构	中国农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238414
作者单位	1.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所;;河南省农业生态环境重点实验室;;中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, ;;河南省农业生态环境重点实验室;;, 郑州;;郑州;;乌鲁木齐, ;;;; 450002;;450002;;830011; 2.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830091, 中国; 3.河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所;;河南省农业生态环境重点实验室, ;;河南省农业生态环境重点实验室, 郑州;;郑州, ;; 450002;;450002; 4.中国农业大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100193, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吕金岭,刘骅,王西和,等. 施肥处理对春季冻融期灰漠土农田温室气体排放的影响[J]. 中国农业大学,2018,55(1):159-173.
APA	吕金岭,刘骅,王西和,李太魁,寇长林,&刘学军.(2018).施肥处理对春季冻融期灰漠土农田温室气体排放的影响.土壤学报,55(1),159-173.
MLA	吕金岭,et al."施肥处理对春季冻融期灰漠土农田温室气体排放的影响".土壤学报 55.1(2018):159-173.