干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 中国特有植物沙地云杉的濒危机制

Arid

	中国特有植物沙地云杉的濒危机制
其他题名	Endangered Mechanism of Picea Mongolica:An Endemic and Evergreen Tree only Found in Desert Areas of China
	刘有军; 刘世增; 康才周; 满多清
来源期刊	水土保持通报
ISSN	1000-288X
出版年	2018
卷号	38 期号:3 页码:60-65,73
中文摘要	[目的]探索中国特有植物沙地云杉濒危的原因,为制定沙地云杉天然林保护措施提供理论依据。[方法]通过栖息地不同储藏时间种子质量测定,研究种子萌发对温度、光照和沙埋的响应以及种子萌发和幼苗生长对盐分胁迫耐受性。[结果]①种子成熟时生活力仅为79%,其中12%的种子遭受了冻害,其余67%种子不同程度遭受了虫害和病害,且种子生活力随着栖息地埋藏每年以9.5%速度下降。②种子在大于10℃温度范围内萌发率均大于40%,且在黑暗/光照交替下萌发速度大于其他光照条件,而沙地云杉出苗最适沙埋深度为0.5cm,满足种子萌发温度和光照条件,这增加了在栖息地大量种子萌发后死亡的危险。③种子萌发和幼苗生长随着盐分胁迫浓度增加显著降低,当盐分浓度0~100mmol/L时,种子初始萌发率(R_(IG))由69%降到49%,恢复萌发率(R_(GR))由0增加到6%,初始幼苗长度(L_(IS))由7.12cm降到1.16cm,恢复幼苗长度(L_(RS))仅由0cm增加到0.03cm,当盐分浓度大于100mmol/L时,种子萌发和幼苗生长受到严重抑制(R_(IG)<49%,L_(IS)<1.16cm)且恢复能力极差(R_(GR) <10%,L_(RG) <1cm),但土壤含盐量大于100mmol/L的沙地在沙地云杉的栖息地很容易找到。④出苗率随着沙埋深度增加显著降低。在0.5 cm时出苗率69%,在2cm时降为8.50%,在沙地云杉栖息地沙埋厚度很容易超过2cm,因此,出苗率小于8.5%。而小于8.5%幼苗出土后还要反复遭受虫害、病害、冻害、水盐胁迫和种间竞争等影响。[结论]栖息地自然土壤种子库中沙地云杉种子病虫害严重,生活力低和幼苗存活率低以及环境恶劣是导致沙地云杉濒危主要原因。
英文摘要	[Objective]To explore the endangered reasons of Picea mongolica at the seed ecology level in order to provide theoretical references for making the conserve measures of P.mongolica natural forest. [Methods]Seed viability was tested with different habitat storage periods.The responses of seed germination to temperatures and lights were investigated.The tolerance of P.mongolicaseed to salinity during seed germination and seedling growth and the responses of seedling emergence to sand burying were studies.[Results]① The viability of matured P.mongolica seeds was 79%,of which,about 12%seeds suffered from freeze injury and the remaining 67%suffered from the pest nibble and disease harm.The buried seed viability was reduced at a speed of 9.5% every year.② Germination of P.mongolica seeds was very easy and the germination percentage was more than 40% when the temperature was more than 10℃.The seed germination rate at a dark-light alternation condition was higher than other light conditions,and the optimal sand burial depth for P.mongolicaseedling emergence was 0.5cm as it satisfied the light and temperature requirements of seed germination.The germination characteristics increased the morality as a lot of seeds germinated in desert habitat environments.③Seed germination and seedling growth were significant decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration.When NaCl concentration was around 0~100mmol/L,the germination rate(R_(IG)) was decreased from 69%to 49%,recovery germination rate(R_(GR))was increased from 0to 6%,and the initial seedling length(L_(IS))was reduced from 7.12to 1.16cm.The recovery seedling length(L_(RS))was increased from 0to 0.03cm when the concentration of NaCl was more than 100mmol/L,the seed germination and seedling growth were completely inhibited(IGR<49%,ISL<1.16cm)and the ability to recover was poor (R_(GR)<10%,L_(RG)<1cm).Unfortunately,soil salinity contents over 100mmol/L were widely distributed in the natural habitat of P.mongolica.④Seedling emergence was significantly decreased with the increase of sand burial depths.The emergence rate reached 69% with the 0.5cm sand burial depths and reduced to 8.5% with the 2.0cm sand burial depths.The habitat of P.mongolica with sand burial depths over 2.0cm was widely distributed,thus the seedling emergence was less than 8.5%.The P.mongolica seedling was continuously suffered from the pest nibble,disease harm,salinity and moisture stress,freeze injury and interspecific competition.[Conclusion]The main endangered causes of P.mongolica were the serious diseases and pests,low seed viability in habitat soil seed banks,the low survival rate of seedlings and badly environments in habitats.
中文关键词	沙地云杉 ; 种子生活力 ; 种子萌发 ; 幼苗生长 ; 土壤种子库 ; 濒危原因
英文关键词	Picea mongolica seed viability seed germination seedling growth soil seed bank endangered reasons
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6283461
来源机构	甘肃省治沙研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238281
作者单位	甘肃省治沙研究所, 甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治省部共建重点实验室培育基地, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘有军,刘世增,康才周,等. 中国特有植物沙地云杉的濒危机制[J]. 甘肃省治沙研究所,2018,38(3):60-65,73.
APA	刘有军,刘世增,康才周,&满多清.(2018).中国特有植物沙地云杉的濒危机制.水土保持通报,38(3),60-65,73.
MLA	刘有军,et al."中国特有植物沙地云杉的濒危机制".水土保持通报 38.3(2018):60-65,73.