干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 西北干旱、半干旱地区高盐人工湿地适宜植物筛选

Arid

	西北干旱、半干旱地区高盐人工湿地适宜植物筛选
其他题名	Selection of Suitable Plants for ConstructedWetland with High Salt Content in Arid and Semi-arid Area, Northwest China
	褚润; 陈年来; 王巧芳
来源期刊	湿地科学
ISSN	1672-5948
出版年	2018
卷号	16 期号:2 页码:204-212
中文摘要	植物是人工湿地的重要组成部分,但是,在西北干旱、半干旱地区,由于年降水量较少,年蒸发量较大,导致人工湿地土壤和水体含盐量较高,可供选择的适宜植物种类少,限制了人工湿地污水处理技术在该地区的应用。选择香蒲(Typha orientalis)、鸢尾(Iris tectorum)、芦苇(Phragmites australis)作为人工湿地中的植物,构建模拟的潜流人工湿地,配置不同含盐量(NaCl含量分别为0%、0.5%和1%)、化学需氧量(质量浓度为191.8~249.9 mg/L)、总氮(质量浓度为27.5~33.5 mg /L)和总磷(质量浓度为4.5~5.9 mg/L)的污水,作为人工湿地的进水,研究不同盐度下植物外部形态、生理特性指标变化及其对污水中化学需氧量、总氮和总磷的净化效果,筛选出适宜盐沼的植物。研究结果表明,随着污水中含盐量的增加,3种植物的叶长、叶宽和生物量显著减小,比叶重显著增加;与对照处理相比,当水中NaCl含量为1%时,芦苇叶长的变短幅度相对最大,鸢尾的、香蒲的依次减小,鸢尾叶宽的变窄幅度相对最大,香蒲的、芦苇的依次减小,芦苇株高的变矮幅度相对最大,鸢尾的、香蒲的依次减小,鸢尾生物量的减少幅度相对最大,香蒲的、芦苇的依次减小,鸢尾比叶重的增加幅度相对最大,芦苇的、香蒲的依次减小。当水中NaCl含量为0.5%和1%时,都是芦苇叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和叶肉导度相对最大,香蒲的、鸢尾的依次减小;香蒲叶片的水分利用效率相对最大,芦苇的、鸢尾的依次减小。当水中NaCl含量为0.5%和1%时,芦苇叶片的脯氨酸含量相对最大,鸢尾的、香蒲的都依次减小;到实验结束时,在各种盐含量下,鸢尾叶片的丙二醛含量相对最大,香蒲的、芦苇的依次减小;芦苇叶片的超氧化物歧化酶活性相对最大,香蒲的、鸢尾的依次减小。在各种盐含量下,都是种植芦苇的人工湿地系统对污水中化学需氧量、总氮和总磷的去除率相对最大,种植香蒲、鸢尾的人工湿地湿地的去除率依次减小。综合考虑3种植物的生长和生理特性以及种植3种植物的人工湿地对污染物去除率,相对最适宜种植在高盐人工湿地的植物为芦苇,其它依次为香蒲、鸢尾。
英文摘要	Plant is the important part of constructed wetland, in arid and semi-arid area, Northwest China, there is little precipitation and large evaporation led to higher salt content in the soil of the wetlands and water, the adaptable species of plants are few, so the application of constructed wetland technology for wastewater treatment has been limited. Typha orientalis, Iris tectorum and Phragmites australis were selected as test material, constructed the subsurface wetland simulation system, configured the sewage with different salinity (NaCl contents were 0%, 0.5% and 1%), chemical oxygen demand (concentration was 191.8-249.9 mg/L), total nitrogen (concentration was 27.5-33.5 mg/L) and total phosphorus (concentration was 4.5-5.9 mg/L) as influent of constructed wetland, discussed the changes of plant morphology, physiological characteristics and the purification effect on chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus under different salinity, in order to select suitable plants for salt marshes. The results showed that with the increase salinity of wastewater, length, width, and biomass of leaves were decreased significantly; compared with the control treatment, when sodium chloride content was 1%, short range of leaf length of Phragmites australis was the largest, the next was Iris tectorum, Typha orientalis in turn; narrow range of leaf width of Iris tectorum was the largest, the next was Typha orientalis, Phragmites australis in turn; short range of Phragmites australis height was the largest, the next was Iris tectorum, Typha orientalis in turn; the decrease range of biomass of Iris tectorum was the largest, the next was Typha orientalis, Phragmites australis in turn; the increase range of specific leaf weight of Iris tectorum was the largest, the next was Phragmites australis, Typha orientalis in turn. When sodium chloride content was 0.5% and 1%, the net photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and mesophyll conduc of Phragmites australis were relative maximum, the next was Typha orientalis, Iris tectorum in turn; the water use efficiency of Typha orientalis was relative maximum, the next was Phragmites australis, Iris tectorum in turn. When sodium chloride content was 0.5% and 1%, proline content of Phragmites australis was relatively maximum, the next was Iris tectorum, Typha orientalis in turn. At the end of the experiment, under different salinity, malondialdehyde content of Iris tectorum was relatively maximum, the next was Typha orientalis, Phragmites australis in turn, superoxide dismutase activity of Phragmites australis was relatively maximum, the next was Typha orientalis, Iris tectorum in turn. Under different salinity, the relative removal rate of chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus by Phragmites australis wetland was relatively maximum, the next was Typha orientalis wetland, Iris tectorum wetland in turn. Considering the morphology, physiological characteristics and purifying effect, for high salinity constructed wetland, the most suitable plant was Phragmites australis, next was Typha orientalis, Iris tectorum in turn.
中文关键词	适宜植物 ; 高盐 ; 人工湿地 ; 干旱、半干旱地区
英文关键词	suitable plants high salinity constructed wetland arid and semi-arid areas
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6241845
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238230
作者单位	褚润, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 陈年来, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.; 王巧芳, 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	褚润,陈年来,王巧芳. 西北干旱、半干旱地区高盐人工湿地适宜植物筛选[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2018,16(2):204-212.
APA	褚润,陈年来,&王巧芳.(2018).西北干旱、半干旱地区高盐人工湿地适宜植物筛选.湿地科学,16(2),204-212.
MLA	褚润,et al."西北干旱、半干旱地区高盐人工湿地适宜植物筛选".湿地科学 16.2(2018):204-212.