干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 生物炭对有机菜心产量、品质及水分利用的影响

Arid

	生物炭对有机菜心产量、品质及水分利用的影响
其他题名	Effects of Biochar on Yield, Quality and Water Utilization of Organic Flowering Chinese Cabbage
	王湛 1; 李银坤 2; 王利春 2; 郭文忠 2; 徐志刚 3
来源期刊	农业机械学报
ISSN	1000-1298
出版年	2018
卷号	49 期号:12 页码:273-280
中文摘要	为探究生物炭对提升有机菜地土壤保水能力与菜心水分利用的作用,基于田间小区定位试验,研究不施肥(CK)、单施有机肥(MC0,110t/hm~2)、有机肥+低量生物炭(MC1,110t/hm~2+8.5t/hm~2)和有机肥+高量生物炭(MC2,110t/hm~2+17t/hm~2)对土壤水分动态以及有机栽培菜心产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明,有机肥配施生物炭可显著提高有机菜地表层土壤(0~20cm)含水率,增加0~70cm土壤贮水量,与处理MC0相比,处理MC1和MC2全生育期平均含水率分别提高4.7%和8.6%(P<0.05),0~70cm土壤贮水量分别提高12.3%与3.4%.CK处理0~20cm土层含水率变化幅度大(10.5%~31.2%),处理MC1变化幅度相对较小,为15.4%~30.4%.相比处理MC0、MC2和CK,处理MC1可显著促进菜心生长,增加产量,改善菜薹品质.菜心株高、叶片数和叶围面积均以处理MC1为最高,相比处理MC0,处理MC1生物量与产量分别提高36.7%、59.1%,而硝酸盐含量降低20.0%~44.3%.与MC2、MC0和CK相比,处理MC1周年耗水量分别降低3.6%、6.8%和13.7%(P<0.05),而产量水分利用效率分别提高49.8%、75.7%和2264.8%(P<0.05),生物量水分利用效率分别提高45.4%、46.6%和720.1%(P<0.05).处理MC2与MC0相比,菜心产量和水分利用效率虽明显增加,但均显著低于处理MC1.研究结果可以为西北旱区有机蔬菜合理制定培肥制度提供理论依据.
英文摘要	In order to explore the effects of biochar on improvement of soil water-retaining capacity and water utilization of flowering Chinese cabbage, based on the field experiment, the effects of four treatments, including no fertilizer (CK), mere organic fertilizer (MC0, 110t/hm~2), combination of organic fertilizer and a small amount of biochar (MC1, 110t/hm~2+8.5t/hm~2) and combination organic fertilizer and a large amount of biochar (MC2, 110t/hm~2+17t/hm~2) on soil moisture dynamic, yield, quality as well as water use efficiency of flowering Chinese cabbage were studied. As the result shown, organic fertilizer combined with biochar could significantly increase the water content in 0~20cm soil layer and increase water reserve in 0~70cm soil layer, the average water content of whole growth period of MC1 and MC2 was increased by 4.7% and 8.6% (P<0.05) and the amount of water reserve in 0~70cm soil layer was increased by 12.3% and 3.4%, respectively, compared with MC0. The water content in 0~20cm soil layer under the treatment CK was changed drastically (10.5%~31.2%) and MC1 was changed relatively unnoticeable (15.4%~30.4%). MC1 apparently promoted the growth of flowering Chinese cabbage and improved the quality of vegetable sprouts compared with treatment MC0, MC2 and CK. The plant height, number of leaves, leaf area circumambient of MC1 all reached the highest. The biomass and yield of MC1 were increased by 36.7% and 59.1%, respectively, however the content of nitrate was decreased by 20.0%~44.3%, compared with CM0. Compared with CM2, MC0 and CK, MC1 annual water consumption was decreased by 3.6%, 6.8% and 13.7% (P<0.05), the yield water use efficiency was increased by 49.8%, 75.7% and 2264.8% (P<0.05), biomass water use efficiency was increased by 45.4%, 46.6% and 720.1% (P<0.05), respectively. Compared with MC0, the yield and water use efficiency of MC2 were significantly increased, but they were significantly lower than that of MC1. The research result can provide a theoretical basis for the rational formulation of fertilization system for organic vegetables in the arid region of Northwest China.
中文关键词	有机菜地 ; 生物炭 ; 土壤含水率 ; 产量 ; 水分利用
英文关键词	organic vegetable field biochar soil moisture content yield water utilization
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	FISHERIES
WOS研究方向	Fisheries
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6394938
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238020
作者单位	1.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心;;南京农业大学农学院, ;;, ;;南京, 北京;; 100097;;210095, 中国; 2.北京农业智能装备技术研究中心, 北京 100097, 中国; 3.南京农业大学农学院, 南京, 江苏 210095, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王湛,李银坤,王利春,等. 生物炭对有机菜心产量、品质及水分利用的影响[J],2018,49(12):273-280.
APA	王湛,李银坤,王利春,郭文忠,&徐志刚.(2018).生物炭对有机菜心产量、品质及水分利用的影响.农业机械学报,49(12),273-280.
MLA	王湛,et al."生物炭对有机菜心产量、品质及水分利用的影响".农业机械学报 49.12(2018):273-280.