干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 沙区降解膜覆盖下滴灌农田水氮交互效应与模型研究

Arid

	沙区降解膜覆盖下滴灌农田水氮交互效应与模型研究
其他题名	Interaction Effect and Model of Water and Nitrogen under Degradable Film Mulching in Drip Irrigated Sandy Farmland
	李仙岳; 丁宗江; 闫建文; 郭宇; 冷旭; 王美荣
来源期刊	农业机械学报
ISSN	1000-1298
出版年	2018
卷号	49 期号:7 页码:261-270
中文摘要	为探索干旱沙区可降解地膜覆盖下滴灌农田水氮交互效应及优化组合方案,提高其水氮利用效率,在内蒙古乌兰布和沙区进行2年可降解膜覆盖下的滴灌田间试验,设置了低水(2016年165mm、2017年195mm)、中水(2016年247.5mm、2017年292.5mm)和高水(2016年330mm、2017年390mm)3个灌溉定额水平及低氮(140kg/hm~2)、中氮(210kg/hm~2)和高氮(280kg/hm~2)3个施氮量水平,并以普通塑料地膜覆盖的3个水分处理作为对照,采用随机完全组合设计,共计12个处理。研究了可降解地膜覆盖下不同水氮供应对干旱沙区玉米产量及水氮利用效率的影响,建立了可降解地膜覆盖下滴灌农田玉米水氮耦合模型,并对组合方案进行了优化。结果表明:与普通塑料地膜覆盖相比,可降解地膜覆盖下水分利用效率(WUE)明显较低,而在水分充足条件下(高水)玉米产量及其构成因素、氮肥偏生产力(PFPN)无显著差异。可降解地膜覆盖下灌水量和施氮量均对玉米的产量及其构成因素、WUE和 PFPN有显著影响。灌水量与施氮量存在明显的交互效应,较低的灌溉定额限制了氮素利用,从低水到中水处理2年玉米PFPN和产量平均增长36.87%和37.18%,而从中水到高水其增长仅为5.93%和6.22%;同样较低的施氮量也限制了水分的利用,从低氮到中氮处理2年玉米WUE和产量平均分别增长了7.99%和18.81%,而从中氮到高氮WUE增长为-3.66%,产量仅增长3.35%,而2年最大产量均出现在高水中氮处理,分别为13875.16、13805.02kg/hm~2。在沙区可降解地膜覆盖下滴灌农田中,灌溉定额、施氮量与玉米产量之间符合二元二次回归模型,该模型预测玉米产量与实际产量呈高度相关(2016、2017年R~2分别为0.978、0.988),通过主因素分析水氮增产效应的因素,由大到小依次为:灌水量、施氮量,产量随水氮量的增加均呈先增加后减小的趋势。经模型寻优,得出不同目标产量下的水、氮最佳组合方案,本试验高水中氮处理的水氮配比下的产量在13000~14000kg/hm~2目标范围内,且WUE、PFPN较高,可作为干旱沙区可降解地膜覆盖下较为合理的水肥管理模式和技术参考。
英文摘要	In order to explore the interaction effect of water and nitrogen,approach optimum management pattern and improve water and nitrogen use efficiencies under the degradable film mulching in arid desert drip irrigated farmland,two years’ experiments were conducted under degradable film mulching drip irrigation fields in Wulanbuhe sand areas,Inner Mongolia.There were three irrigation amount levels,including low(165mm in 2016 and 195mm in 2017),medium(247.5mm in 2016 and 292.5mm in 2017) and high(330mm in 2016 and 390mm in 2017),and three nitrogen levels:low nitrogen(140kg/hm~2),medium nitrogen(210kg/hm~2) and high nitrogen(280kg/hm~2) with three irrigation amount treatments under plastic film mulching as control,and the twelve treatments were randomized complete combination design.The effects of different water and nitrogen supplies on maize yield and water and nitrogen use efficiencies under degradable film mulching in arid sandy area were researched,and the coupling model of water and nitrogen about maize in drip irrigated farmland under degradable film mulching was established and optimized.The results showed that the water use efficiency(WUE) under degradable film mulching was significantly lower compared with that under plastic film mulching.However,there was no significant difference in yield,its components and partial productivity of nitrogen(PFPN) under sufficient water conditions.The irrigation and nitrogen amounts would significantly influence the maize yield and the components,WUE and PFPN under degradable film mulching.There were clearly interaction effect among different water and nitrogen treatments,and the lower irrigation amount would restrict nitrogen utilization.The PFPN and maize yield had an average of 36.87% and 37.18% increase in two years’ experiment when irrigation amount was changed from low to medium,however,it was just about 5.93% and 6.22% increase when the irrigation amount was changed from medium to high;the lower nitrogen application also would restrict soil water utilization,the WUE and maize yield had an average of 7.99% and 18.81% increase in two years’ experiment when nitrogen application was changed from low to medium,however,it was-3.66% for WUE,and just 3.35% for yield when nitrogen application was changed from medium to high;the maximum yield in 2016 and 2017 was 13875.16kg/hm~2 and 13805.02kg/hm~2,respectively,which were all in high irrigation amount and medium nitrogen application treatment.There were good dualistic and quadric regression relationship among irrigation amount,nitrogen application and yield under the degradable film mulching in arid desert drip irrigated farmland,and the determination coefficient R~2 for 2016 and 2017 was 0.978 and 0.988,respectively.The main factor analysis for regression model revealed that the effect of irrigation on yield was greater than that of nitrogen,and the yield was increased first and then decreased with the increase of irrigation and nitrogen.The irrigation and nitrogen application under different target yields was obtained through model optimization.In the experiment,the optimum water and nitrogen ratio was high irrigation amount and medium nitrogen application treatment,and the yield was in target range of 13000~14000kg/hm~2 with relatively high WUE and PFPN.Therefore,it can be used as a reasonable technical and theoretical reference for the water and nitrogen management under the degradable film mulching in arid desert drip irrigated farmland.
中文关键词	干旱沙区 ; 滴灌施肥 ; 可降解地膜 ; 水氮交互效应 ; 产量 ; 模型
英文关键词	arid desert farmland fertigation degradable film interaction effect of water and nitrogen yield model
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6279330
来源机构	内蒙古农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/238012
作者单位	内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010018, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李仙岳,丁宗江,闫建文,等. 沙区降解膜覆盖下滴灌农田水氮交互效应与模型研究[J]. 内蒙古农业大学,2018,49(7):261-270.
APA	李仙岳,丁宗江,闫建文,郭宇,冷旭,&王美荣.(2018).沙区降解膜覆盖下滴灌农田水氮交互效应与模型研究.农业机械学报,49(7),261-270.
MLA	李仙岳,et al."沙区降解膜覆盖下滴灌农田水氮交互效应与模型研究".农业机械学报 49.7(2018):261-270.