干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 土壤带状湿润均匀性对膜下滴灌棉花生长及水分利用效率的影响

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	土壤带状湿润均匀性对膜下滴灌棉花生长及水分利用效率的影响
其他题名	Influence of soil banding moisture uniformity on growth and water use efficiency of drip irrigated cotton under mulch
	李东伟 1; 李明思 2; 周新国 1; 申孝军 1; 赵宇龙 1
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2018
卷号	34 期号:9 页码:130-137
中文摘要	为探明膜下土壤带状湿润均匀性在膜下滴灌技术应用中的重要性,该文设置滴头流量1.69(W169)、3.46(W346)和6.33 L/h (W633) 3种土壤湿润区处理,研究不同膜下土壤带状湿润均匀性对棉花行间土壤基质势、株高、叶面积、根系生长、籽棉产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:随着土壤湿润区由窄深型(W169)向宽浅型(W633)过渡,膜下土壤带状湿润均匀性越好,行间棉花根系分布和植株生长也愈加均匀、产量及水分利用效率也越高。窄深型土壤湿润区的膜下内、边行棉花根长密度、籽棉理论总产和实际总产差值分别为386.3 m/m~3、976和509.3 kg/hm~2,其水分利用效率分别为7.2和14.8 kg/(mm·hm~2)。宽浅型土壤湿润区的膜下内、边行棉花根长密度、籽棉理论总产和实际总产差值分别为142.01 m/m~3、171和190.6 kg/hm~2,其水分利用效率分别为9.2和11.0 kg/(mm·hm~2)。初步证明了宽浅型土壤湿润区能在保持水分利用效率不降低的情况下,显著提高了棉花产量。表明在膜下滴灌技术设计中应关注膜下土壤带状湿润均匀性指标。该指标还是确定滴灌带间距依据。
英文摘要	In the design of drip irrigation under mulch, it is usually concerned with the point source or line source wetting uniformity of drip irrigation. However, because of the wide soil wetting area controlled by drip tape, the soil wetting uniformity is needed not only along the crop row, but also between the rows, so that the crops grow uniformly between the lines. Therefore, the proper design of the soil banding wetting uniformity under mulch can regulate cotton roots growth in the row, which plays a key role in improving the yield and water use efficiency, and is also unique design requirement of mulch drip irrigation technology in Xinjiang arid region. This problem should be paid more attention. To verify the importance of soil banding wetting uniformity under mulch drip irrigation technology, an experiment was carried out with 3 treatments, i.e. dripper flow of 1.69 (W169), 3.46 (W346) and 6.33 L/h (W633), respectively, to study uniformity influences on soil matrix potential, plant height, leaf area, root growth, cotton seed yield and water use efficiency of cotton rows. The results showed that the banding uniformity under mulch has a great influence on growth, water consumption and yield of cotton planted in each row, resulting in obvious differences of water use efficiency among cotton lines. As the wetting area of soil is transited from narrow-deep type (W169) to wide-shallow type (W633), the soil matric potential decreased more and the water stress of the cotton root became smaller, the uniformity of the soil moist under mulch turned higher, and the root distribution and plant growth of cotton were more uniform in the row. The differences of average cotton leaf area and average plant height between the inside and border rows under mulch were respectively 143 cm2 and 7.04 cm in narrow-deep type soil wetting area. The root length density, the theoretical and the practical yield difference values of seed cotton were respectively 386.3 m/m~3、976 and 509.3 kg/hm~2, and their water use efficiency were respectively 7.2 and 14.8 kg/(mm·hm~2). The differences of average cotton leaf area and average plant height between the inside and border rows under mulch were respectively 9 cm2 and 3.74 cm in wide-shallow type soil wetting area. The root length density, the theoretical and the practical yield difference values of inside and border row under film in wide-shallow type soil wetting area were respectively 142.01 m/m~3, 171 and 190.6 kg/hm~2, and their water use efficiency were respectively 9.2 and 11.0 kg/(mm·hm~2). The results proved that the cotton yield could be significantly improved under wide-shallow soil wetting area, and the water use efficiency would not decrease. Thus, the soil banding wetting uniformity should be focused in the design of drip irrigation under mulch when the standard and design method of drip irrigation were issued. We should not only consider the linear wetting uniformity of single row crops, but also consider the problem of soil wetting uniformity in the whole mulch width. And it’s the basis to confirm the spacing between drip tapes.
中文关键词	土壤 ; 灌溉 ; 土壤水分 ; 膜下滴灌 ; 土壤带状湿润均匀性 ; 根系分布 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	soils irrigation soil moisture drip irrigation under mulch soil banding moist uniformity root distribution water use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6251033
来源机构	石河子大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237973
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所, 新乡, 河南 453002, 中国; 2.石河子大学水利建筑工程学院, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李东伟,李明思,周新国,等. 土壤带状湿润均匀性对膜下滴灌棉花生长及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 石河子大学,2018,34(9):130-137.
APA	李东伟,李明思,周新国,申孝军,&赵宇龙.(2018).土壤带状湿润均匀性对膜下滴灌棉花生长及水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,34(9),130-137.
MLA	李东伟,et al."土壤带状湿润均匀性对膜下滴灌棉花生长及水分利用效率的影响".农业工程学报 34.9(2018):130-137.