干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 有机肥及补充灌溉对旱地农田温室气体排放的影响

Arid

	有机肥及补充灌溉对旱地农田温室气体排放的影响
其他题名	Effects of manure and supplementary irrigation on greenhouse gas emission in dryland fields
	孙海妮 1; 岳善超 2; 王仕稳 3; 牛宗成 1; 殷俐娜 3; 邓西平 2
来源期刊	环境科学学报
ISSN	0253-2468
出版年	2018
卷号	38 期号:5 页码:2055-2065
中文摘要	在农业生产中,提高作物产量减少农田温室气体排放具有重要意义.本文采用静态箱-气相色谱法,在黄土高原半干旱半湿润区,以单施氮肥180 kg·hm~(-2)(以N计)为对照,研究了氮肥180 kg·hm~(-2)+有机肥4510~3 kg·hm~(-2)(NM)、氮肥180 kg·hm~(-2)+有机肥4510~3 kg·hm~(-2)+拔节期灌水(NMW)处理在冬小麦生育期温室气体的变化规律及其综合增温潜势(Global warming potential,GWP),并计算温室气体排放强度(Greenhouse gas intensity,GHGI),以明确有机肥及补充灌溉的增产潜力及对温室气体的减排效果.结果表明:①整个生育期CO_2排放速率随作物生长发育的加速而逐渐加快,接近成熟期其排放速率降低;N_2O排放峰均出现在施肥、降雨及灌水后.NM、NMW处理的CO_2累积排放量(以C计,下同)分别为14933.35 kg·hm~(-2)、15929.74 kg·hm~(-2),比对照分别增加了22.8%、31.0%;N_2O累积排放量(以N计,下同)分别为0.48 kg·hm~(-2)、0.52 kg·hm~(-2),比对照分别降低了23.8%、17.5%;CH_4累积吸收量分别为1.73 kg·hm~(-2)、1.87 kg·hm~(-2),比对照分别降低了18.4%、 11.8%.②CH_4吸收速率与土壤温度呈显著性正相关,而与土壤含水量呈显著性负相关;CO_2排放速率与土壤温度及含水量均呈显著性正相关; N_2O排放速率与土壤温度、含水量及硝态氮含量均呈显著性正相关,与铵态氮含量呈负相关.③NM、NMW处理的GWP比对照分别降低了27.8%、21.2%;NM、NMW均显著增加了小麦产量,增产率分别为24.6%、36.7%.NM、NMW的GHGI比对照分别降低了41.9%、42.4%.说明在施用有机肥及有机肥加补充灌水在增加作物产量的同时,达到了温室气体减排的作用.
英文摘要	Manure and supplementary irrigation application are proposed to increase the crop yield in semi-arid and semi-humid region of Loess Plateau, but the effects of manure and supplementary irrigation application on the greenhouse gas emission are not clear. In this study,CO_2,N_2O and CH_4 emissions were monitored by static-chamber gas chromatography technique,and global warming potential (GWP) and greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) were then calculated. The experiment included three treatments (N: urea nitrogen fertilizer 180 kg·hm~(-2),NM: urea nitrogen fertilizer 180 kg·hm~(-2)+ manure 4510~3 kg·hm~(-2),NMW: urea nitrogen fertilizer 180 kg·hm~(-2)+ manure 4510~3 kg·hm~(-2)+ supplementary irrigation in wheat jointing stage). The results showed that: ① The fluxes of CO_2 emission increased with the growth process and decreased at the beginning of maturity. Compared with the N treatment,the cumulative CO_2 emissions of NM and NMW treatments were increased by 22.8% and 31.0%,arrived at 14933.35 kg·hm~(-2) and 15929.74 kg·hm~(-2),respectively. The fluxes of N_2O emission were suddenly increased after fertilization,rainfall and irrigation during winter wheat growing season. Compared with the N treatment,the cumulative N_2O emissions of NM and NMW were decreased by 23.8% and 17.5%,arrived at 0.48 kg·hm~(-2) and 0.52 kg·hm~(-2),respectively. The cumulative CH_4 absorption were 1.73 kg·hm~(-2) in NM treatment and 1.87 kg·hm~(-2) in NMW treatment,and decreased by 18.4% and 11.8% compared with N treatment,respectively. ② The CH_4 absorption rate was positive correlation with soil temperature and negative correlation with soil moisture content. The CO_2 and N_2O emission rate were positive correlation with soil temperature and soil moisture content. N_2O emission rate was positive correlation with NO_3~- -N,and negative correlation with NH_4~+ -N. ③ Both the GWP and GHGI in NM and NMW treatments were significant lower than that of N treatment. However,the crop yields of NM and MMW treatments were significantly increased by 24.6%,36.7% than that of N treatment,respectively. Therefore,the result of this study showed that the application of manure and supplementary irrigation increased crop yields and mitigated greenhouse gas simultaneously.
中文关键词	有机肥 ; 灌溉 ; 冬小麦 ; 温室气体 ; 综合增温潜势 ; 温室气体强度
英文关键词	manure irrigation winter wheat greenhouse gases global warming potential greenhouse gas intensity
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6248462
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237852
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;;西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, ;;, 杨凌;;杨凌, ;; 712100;;712100; 2.西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, ;;黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌;;杨凌, ;; 712100;;712100; 3.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;;西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, ;;;;黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌;;杨凌;;杨凌, ;;;; 712100;;712100;;712100
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孙海妮,岳善超,王仕稳,等. 有机肥及补充灌溉对旱地农田温室气体排放的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2018,38(5):2055-2065.
APA	孙海妮,岳善超,王仕稳,牛宗成,殷俐娜,&邓西平.(2018).有机肥及补充灌溉对旱地农田温室气体排放的影响.环境科学学报,38(5),2055-2065.
MLA	孙海妮,et al."有机肥及补充灌溉对旱地农田温室气体排放的影响".环境科学学报 38.5(2018):2055-2065.