干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 葵花和玉米叶片对盐碱粉尘沉降的生理响应

Arid

	葵花和玉米叶片对盐碱粉尘沉降的生理响应
其他题名	Physiological responses of sunflower and maize leaves to saline - alkali dust
	吴冰; 郜燕芳; 刘东伟; 刘华民; 王立新
来源期刊	干旱区资源与环境
ISSN	1003-7578
出版年	2018
卷号	32 期号:10 页码:184-190
中文摘要	在气候变化和人类活动的双重影响下,我国西北干旱区分布着大面积干涸盐湖的湖床。干涸湖床表层疏松的盐碱粉尘在风力侵蚀下扩散迁移形成局地盐碱尘暴。盐碱尘暴天气过程的频发致使大量盐碱粉尘撒向下风向地区,湖滨平原逐渐荒漠化,植被退化,对干旱区生态与环境造成严重危害。本研究采集内蒙古查干淖尔湖干涸湖床的盐碱粉尘,通过人工叶片降尘的方式,研究不同降尘量和不同盐分梯度下,葵花和玉米两种农作物对盐碱粉尘沉降的生理响应。结果表明:不同降尘处理下,葵花、玉米叶片内抗氧化酶活性和丙二醛含量差异显著。葵花、玉米遭受盐碱胁迫初期,机体内过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随降尘浓度的增加而上升;随试验时间的延长,葵花、玉米CAT活性降低,SOD活性增加,150g /m~2高盐粉尘处理葵花叶片POD活性占对照390%,各处理组MDA含量显著高于对照(除葵花150g /m~2低盐处理组); 30天降尘处理后,CAT活性无明显变化,葵花(除100g /m~2低盐处理组) SOD活性呈现小幅度上升,玉米SOD活性变化趋势明显,部分处理组MDA含量持续增加。综合分析得出,盐碱粉尘胁迫下机体抗氧化系统平衡遭到破环,农作物生长受到抑制。
英文摘要	In many arid and semiarid regions,saline playas represents a significant source of unconsolidated sediments available for aeolian transport,and severe saline dust storms occur frequently due to human disturbance. The frequent occurrences of salty - alkaline dust storms cause a large amount of saline - alkali dust to be spread downwind. The lakeside plain gradually deserted and the vegetation degenerated,seriously damaging the ecology and environment of the arid area. In this study,the salt - rich fine sediment at dry lake bed of Chaganaoer Lake was sampled. The physiological responses of sunflower and maize to saline - alkali dust sedimentation was studied by means of artificial dust. The results showed that the activities of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves of sunflower and maize were significantly different under different dust treatment. The activities of catalase (CAT) in sunflower and maize were affected by salt stress,and the activity of catalase (CAT) increased with the increase of dust concentration; With the prolongation of the test time,the CAT activity of sunflower and maize decreased,the activity of SOD increased,and the POD activity of sunflower leaves treated with 150g /m~2 high salt dust accounted for 390%,The content of MDA in each treatment group was significantly higher than that in the control group (except the sunflower 150g /m~2 low salt treatment group). The SOD activity of sunflower (except 100g /m~2 low salt treatment group) increased slightly after 30 days of dust treatment,and the activity of SOD in maize showed a trend of change,and the content of MDA in some treatments increased continuously. Comprehensive analysis shows that the balance of the antioxidant system under the saline - alkali dust stress is broken and the sunflower and maize growth is inhibited.
中文关键词	大气降尘 ; 植物 ; 生理响应 ; 干涸湖床 ; 干旱区
英文关键词	atmospheric dust plant physiological response dry lake bed,arid land
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6319037
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237730
作者单位	内蒙古大学生态与环境学院, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010021, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴冰,郜燕芳,刘东伟,等. 葵花和玉米叶片对盐碱粉尘沉降的生理响应[J],2018,32(10):184-190.
APA	吴冰,郜燕芳,刘东伟,刘华民,&王立新.(2018).葵花和玉米叶片对盐碱粉尘沉降的生理响应.干旱区资源与环境,32(10),184-190.
MLA	吴冰,et al."葵花和玉米叶片对盐碱粉尘沉降的生理响应".干旱区资源与环境 32.10(2018):184-190.