干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 旱区环状毛细芯渗灌对葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响研究

Arid

	旱区环状毛细芯渗灌对葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响研究
其他题名	Influence research on infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking to growing development and fruit quality of grape in arid region
	孙伊博 1; 张清涛 1; 王垚 1; 周玉兰 1; 屈柘 1; 王振平 2
来源期刊	干旱地区农业研究
ISSN	1000-7601
出版年	2018
卷号	36 期号:3 页码:1-8
中文摘要	环状毛细芯渗灌是利用毛细现象的原理,在已有的毛细直芯基础上增加一个毛细环,通过毛细芯浸润方式给植物根部供水的节水渗灌方法。试验在宁夏自治区永宁县玉泉营农场的红地球( Vitis vinifera L. cv. red globe)葡萄园内进行,灌溉方式为环状毛细芯渗灌与常规沟灌( CK) ;毛细芯渗灌的灌水次数分为一次和两次,每次灌满一桶水( 100L) ,水由毛细芯慢慢渗出,常规沟灌的灌水次数为两次;环状毛细芯的埋藏深度分为两种: 30cm深和土壤表面( 0cm深) 。试验结果表明,处理0* 1(环状毛细芯表面渗灌、一次灌水)下副稍增长量最大,与常规沟灌存在显著差异( P<0.05) 。在相同灌水量下,处理0* 1副稍增长量高于处理30* 1(地下30cm深的环状毛细芯渗灌、一次灌水) 。处理0* 2(表面渗灌、两次灌水)叶中脉长势最好。处理0* 2、0* 1相比于其它处理果实粒径增长量最大,处理0* 1横径增长速度比CK提高了55.6%,这说明环状毛细芯渗灌有效促进了葡萄果实的增长。在相同灌水量下,表面渗灌下葡萄粒径的长势明显好于30cm深的渗灌。处理30* 2(地下30cm深的环状毛细芯渗灌、两次灌水)百粒重比相同灌水量下的CK提高了30%。常规沟灌下脯氨酸含量最高,处理30* 2脯氨酸含量最低;在相同灌水量下,表面渗灌下脯氨酸含量高于30cm深的渗灌,这说明30cm深的毛细芯渗灌能较好地减轻植物的水分胁迫。处理30* 2与30* 1的可溶性固形物较高,处理30* 1的糖酸比最高;在相同灌水量下,30cm深的渗灌下葡萄糖酸比高于表面渗灌。从最终产量和果实品质的角度看,处理30* 2是旱区葡萄着色期~成熟期最好的组合。
英文摘要	Developing water-saving irrigation was extremely urgent,due to the water shortage problem was seriously threatened the grape production in arid region. The infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking was the water saving infiltration irrigation method by using the principle of capillary phenomenon to add an annular capillary wicking based on the existing capillary straight wicking,and through the infiltration mode by capillary wicking supplied water to crop root zone. The experiment was carried out in vineyard named as Vitis vinifera L. cv. red globe, the irrigation methods were infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking and the conventional furrow irrigation ( CK) . The infiltration irrigation times was divided into once and twice,each time filled a bucket of water ( 100L) . The furrow irrigation time was twice. The buried depths for the annular capillary wicking was divided into two types as 30cm and 0cm on soil surface.The experimental results showed that: The lateral shoot growth was the maximum by the treatment 0* 1 ( soil surface infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking,one time irrigation) and existed a significant difference with the conventional furrow irrigation ( P<0.05) . Under the same irrigation amount, the lateral shoot growth by the 0* 1 treatment was higher than the 30* 1 treatment ( infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking buried 30cm depth,one time irrigation) . The leaf midrib growth was the best by the 0* 2 treatment ( soil surface infiltration irrigation,two times irrigation) . The treatments 0* 1 and 0* 2 compared with other treatments,the fruit berry diameter growth was the maximum,and the speed of berry transverse diameter for 0* 1 treatment was increased 55.6% than the CK. This explained the infiltration irrigation by the annular capillary wicking was effectively promoted the grape fruit berry growth. The growth of grape berry diameter by the soil surface infiltration irrigation was significantly better than the irrigation by buried 30cm depth under the same irrigation amount. The 100 berry weight of 30* 2 treatment ( infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking buried 30cm depth,two times irrigation) was increased 30% than CK with the same irrigation amount. The proline content by the conventional furrow irrigation was the highest,while the proline content of the 30* 2 treatment was the lowest. Under the same irrigation amount,the proline content by the surface infiltration irrigation was higher than the infiltration irrigation buried 30cm depth,it explained that infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking buried 30cm depth can be effectively reduced the plant water stress. The soluble solids of 30* 2 and 30* 1 treatments were higher than other treatments,and the sugar-acid ratio of 30* 1 treatment was the highest. Under the same irrigation amount,the sugar-acid ratio of the infiltration irrigation by buried 30cm depth was higher than the soil surface infiltration irrigation. In general,from the point of view of final yield and fruit quality,the treatment 30* 2 was the best combination for the grape color-changed to maturity stage in arid region.
中文关键词	环状毛细芯渗灌 ; 水分胁迫 ; 葡萄 ; 粒径 ; 百粒重 ; 可溶性固形物 ; 脯氨酸含量
英文关键词	infiltration irrigation by annular capillary wicking water stress grape particle diameter 100- particles weight soluble solid proline content
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6286301
来源机构	宁夏大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237550
作者单位	1.中山大学地理科学与规划学院水资源与环境系;;中山大学, ;;华南地区水循环与水安全广东省普通高校重点实验室, 广州;;广州, 广东;;广东 510275;;510275, 中国; 2.宁夏大学农学院, 葡萄与葡萄酒教育部工程研究中心, 银川, 宁夏 750021, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孙伊博,张清涛,王垚,等. 旱区环状毛细芯渗灌对葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响研究[J]. 宁夏大学,2018,36(3):1-8.
APA	孙伊博,张清涛,王垚,周玉兰,屈柘,&王振平.(2018).旱区环状毛细芯渗灌对葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响研究.干旱地区农业研究,36(3),1-8.
MLA	孙伊博,et al."旱区环状毛细芯渗灌对葡萄生长发育和果实品质的影响研究".干旱地区农业研究 36.3(2018):1-8.