干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近30年全球干旱半干旱区的蒸散变化特征

Arid

	近30年全球干旱半干旱区的蒸散变化特征
其他题名	Evapotranspiration Variability over Global Arid and Semi-arid Regions from 1982 to 2011
	张霞 1; 李明星 2; 马柱国 1
来源期刊	大气科学
ISSN	1006-9895
出版年	2018
卷号	42 期号:2 页码:251-267
中文摘要	全球变暖加剧了气候系统能量和水分循环相互作用的变化,水分平衡变化导致极端旱涝事件频发。地表蒸散是能量水分循环的重要过程,是理解气候变化的关键环节。本文基于1982~2011年FLUXNET-MTE观测资料和ERA-Interim再分析资料,分析了全球干旱半干旱区蒸散的时空变化特征及典型区域的变幅、趋势和季节变化。结果表明:(1)干旱半干旱区多年平均蒸散量小于300 mm。冬季蒸散量最小,夏季最大且变率也最强。1990年代前后,干旱半干旱区蒸散发生了明显的年代际转变,暖季的年代际差异尤为明显。(2)近30年来,东半球干旱半干旱区蒸散量呈增加趋势,西半球呈减小趋势。典型区域来看,南非呈显著增加趋势[25.14 mm (10 a)~(-1)],美国西南部呈显著减小趋势[-19.86 mm (10 a)~(-1)];萨赫勒、中国北部和澳大利亚呈增加趋势,阿根廷及智利南部呈减小趋势。(3)蒸散变化与温度、降水的变化联系密切,三者具有相似的年循环变化,但三者间相关性在干旱半干旱区具有显著的差异性。
英文摘要	Global warming has greatly intensified interactions between energy and water cycles in the climate system. Changes in the water balance increase the occurrence of regional floods and droughts. As a key component of energy-water interactions, surface evapotranspiration (ET) is important for understanding climate change. This paper focuses on the spatiotemporal variation of ET across global arid and semi-arid regions, especially its regional differences, using observations (FLUXNET-MTE) and reanalysis (ERA-Interim) dataset during 1982-2011. The results show that: (1) Mean annual ET is less than 300 mm across arid and semi-arid regions. Seasonally, minimum ET appears in winter, while maximum ET and the largest variability both appear in summer. A decadal negative-to-positive happened in the 1990s, which is particularly obvious in warm seasons. (2) At hemispheric scale, the ET variation shows a positive trend in the Eastern Hemisphere, whereas an opposite trend occurs in the western hemisphere in the last 30 years. Regarding those typical regions, ET in South Africa significantly increases by 25.14 mm (10 a)~(-1), while that in the Southwest U.S. significantly decreases by 19.86 mm (10 a)~(-1) (both at the confidence level of 99%). Moreover, ET slightly increases in Sahel, northern China and Australia, but slightly decreases in southern Argentina and Chile. (3) The ET variability is coupled with variations of temperature and precipitation with a similar annual cycle. However, the spatial patterns of correlation between ET and temperature/precipitation are heterogeneous across the arid and semi-arid regions.
中文关键词	蒸散量 ; FLUXNET-MTE观测资料 ; ERA-Interim再分析资料 ; 区域对比
英文关键词	Evapotranspiration FLUXNET-MTE observations ERA-Interim reanalysis Regional comparison
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6212667
来源机构	中国科学院大气物理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237399
作者单位	1.中国科学院大气物理研究所;;中国科学院大学, 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室;;, ;;, 北京;;北京 100029;;100049, 中国; 2.中国科学院大气物理研究所, 中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室, 北京 100029, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张霞,李明星,马柱国. 近30年全球干旱半干旱区的蒸散变化特征[J]. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,2018,42(2):251-267.
APA	张霞,李明星,&马柱国.(2018).近30年全球干旱半干旱区的蒸散变化特征.大气科学,42(2),251-267.
MLA	张霞,et al."近30年全球干旱半干旱区的蒸散变化特征".大气科学 42.2(2018):251-267.