干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近56年乌鲁木齐市青草期水热气候条件时空变化

Arid

	近56年乌鲁木齐市青草期水热气候条件时空变化
其他题名	Spatio-temporal change in water and thermal climatic conditions during the green grass season in the Urumqi area from 1961to 2016
	普宗朝 1; 张山清 2; 瓦哈提 3; 王珂 3; 哈布拉哈提 3; 沙拉木 3; 冯丽晔 3; 陈亮 3; 葛怡成 3; 买买提 3
来源期刊	草业科学
ISSN	1001-0629
出版年	2018
卷号	35 期号:7 页码:1602-1613
中文摘要	基于乌鲁木齐市及其周边10个气象站1961-2016年逐日气象资料,以日平均气温稳定≥5℃的初、终日分别作为天然草地青草期初、终日指标,使用线性趋势分析以及ArcGIS的空间插值技术对近56年乌鲁木齐市青草期初、终日、青草期日数、平均气温、≥5℃积温、降水量和干湿指数等水热气候要素的时空变化规律进行了分析。结果表明,乌鲁木齐市天然草地青草期初日的空间分布具有平原荒漠类草地早、山地草原和草甸类草地晚的特点;青草期终日与初日相反,呈现平原荒漠类草地晚、山地草原和草甸类草地早的特点;青草期日数、平均气温、≥5℃积温均为平原荒漠类草地多(高)、山地草原和草甸类草地少(低),青草期降水量表现为山地草甸和山地草原多、高寒草甸和平原荒漠类草地少,青草期干湿指数随海拔的升高而增大。1961-2016年,乌鲁木齐市青草期初日以每10年-0.424d的倾向率呈不显著(P>0.05)的提早趋势,青草期终日以1.455d·10a~(-1)的倾向率呈显著(P<0.01)的推迟趋势,青草期日数、平均气温、≥5℃积温、降水量以及干湿指数分别以每10年1.879d、0.16℃、61.14℃·d、6.93mm和0.015的倾向率呈显著(P<0.05)的增多或上升趋势,但上述变化具有区域性差异。近26年(1991-2016年)较前30年(1961-1990年),除青草期初日提早幅度的空间差异不明显外,青草期终日的推迟幅度以及青草期日数、平均气温、≥ 5℃积温等要素的增多幅度表现出平原荒漠类草地多、山地草原和草甸类草地少的特点,青草期降水量和干湿指数增大幅度的空间分布呈现平原荒漠类草地少、山地草原和草甸类草地多的特点。
英文摘要	The fundamental spatio-temporal change characteristics of the start and end dates,duration,average temperature,accumulated temperature of≥5℃,precipitation,and arid-wet index of the green grass season were analyzed by using linear regression and mixed spatial interpolation technology based on ArcGIS,using the daily meteorological data collected from 10meteorological stations in Urumqi City and its surroundings area from 1961to 2016.The first and last dates when the daily mean temperature were stably≥5℃in a year were taken as the start date and end date of the growth of natural pasture and the green grass season,respectively. The main results showed that the spatial distribution of the above-mentioned climate factors were clearly varied among several observed locations in the Urumqi area.Generally,the start dates of the green grass season were earlier in the plain desert pastures than on the mountain grasslands and meadows.However,the end dates of the green grass season were later on the plain desert pastures than on the mountain grasslands and meadows. Several thermal elements,such as duration,average temperature and≥5℃accumulated temperature of green grass season were higher on the plain desert pastures than on the mountain grasslands and meadows.Precipitation in the green grass season was higher on the mountain grasslands and meadows than on the alpine meadows and plain desert pastures.The arid-wet index of the green grass season increased with altitude.In the past 56 years,the start dates of the green grass season had shown an inconspicuous(P>0.05)advancement at the rate of-0.424d·10a~(-1),and the end dates have been significantly(P<0.01)delayed,at the rate of 1.455 d·10a~(-1).At the same time,the duration,average temperature,accumulated temperature of≥5℃,precipitation, and arid-wet index of the green grass season significantly(P<0.05)increased at the rate of 1.879 d·10a~(-1),0.16℃·10a~(-1),61.14(℃·d)·10a~(-1),6.93and 0.015mm·10a~(-1),respectively.However, these changes had regional differences.Comparing the last 30a (1961-1990)with the most recent 26a (1991-2016)the earlier days of the start of the green grass season showed little regional difference,and a greater increase in the delayed days of the green grass end dates,green grass season duration,average temperature, accumulated temperature of≥5℃ was observed on the plain desert pastures than on the mountain grassland and meadow,but the increments of precipitation and arid-wet index of the green grass season were greater on the mountain grasslands and meadows than on the plain desert pastures in the Urumqi City.
中文关键词	青草期 ; 平均气温 ; ≥5℃积温 ; 降水量 ; 干湿指数 ; 气候变化 ; 乌鲁木齐
英文关键词	green grass season average temperature accumulated temperature of≥5℃ precipitation aridwet index climate change Urumqi City
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6298089
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237332
作者单位	1.新疆乌鲁木齐市气象局;;新疆乌鲁木齐市牧业气象试验站, ;;, 乌鲁木齐;;乌鲁木齐, 新疆;;新疆 830002;;830002, 中国; 2.新疆农业气象台, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830002, 中国; 3.新疆乌鲁木齐市牧业气象试验站, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830002, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	普宗朝,张山清,瓦哈提,等. 近56年乌鲁木齐市青草期水热气候条件时空变化[J],2018,35(7):1602-1613.
APA	普宗朝.,张山清.,瓦哈提.,王珂.,哈布拉哈提.,...&买买提.(2018).近56年乌鲁木齐市青草期水热气候条件时空变化.草业科学,35(7),1602-1613.
MLA	普宗朝,et al."近56年乌鲁木齐市青草期水热气候条件时空变化".草业科学 35.7(2018):1602-1613.