干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 西北绿洲灌区水氮耦合对燕麦品种陇燕3号耗水特性及产量的影响

Arid

	西北绿洲灌区水氮耦合对燕麦品种陇燕3号耗水特性及产量的影响
其他题名	Interaction of Irrigation and Nitrogen on Water Consumption Characteristics and Yield in Oat Variety Longyan 3 in Northwest Oasis Irrigation Area
	冯福学 1; 慕平 2; 赵桂琴 1; 柴继宽 1; 刘欢 1; 陈国栋 3
来源期刊	作物学报
ISSN	0496-3490
出版年	2017
卷号	43 期号:9 页码:1370-1380
中文摘要	灌水和施肥,尤其是施氮肥,是调控作物生长和增加产量的两大重要技术措施,其互作是燕麦高产高效栽培中重要因素。2014-2015年连续2个生长季,在甘肃河西绿洲灌区的田间试验设3个定额灌溉和3个施氮(纯氮)水平,研究水氮耦合对陇燕3号农田0~150 cm土层耗水量、棵间蒸发、产量及水分利用效率的影响。3个灌溉处理的灌水量分别为270 mm(I_1)、337.5 mm(I_2)和405 mm(I_3), 3个施氮水平分别为90 kg hm~(-2)(N_1)、120 kg hm~(-2)(N_2)和150 kg hm~(-2)(N_3)。从播种到成熟,燕麦阶段耗水强度呈先增后减趋势,抽穗至灌浆是最大耗水期,且同一施氮水平下,阶段耗水强度随灌水量增大而显著增加。在全生育期内,棵间蒸发量(E)及土壤水分蒸发量占总蒸发量的比例(E/ET)表现先降后升趋势,且相同施氮量下,拔节至灌浆期随灌水量的增大而增大,而灌浆至成熟期则随灌水量的增大而减小。相同施氮量下,燕麦产量随灌水量增加而显著增加,水分利用效率却随灌水量增加而降低。产量N_3I_3最高(5466.0~5727.5 kg hm~(-2)), N_3I_2次之(5428.5~5678.5 kg hm~(-2)), N_1I_1最低(4504.5~4804.3 kg hm~(-2));水分利用效率N_3I_2最大(12.11~12.82 kg mm~(-1) hm~(-2)), N_3I_1次之(12.04~12.63 kg mm~(-1) hm~(-2)), N_1I_3最小(9.79~10.58 kg mm~(-1) hm~(-2))。由此表明,水氮耦合对燕麦水分利用及产量具有显著互作效应。施氮量150 kg hm~(-2)、灌溉定额337.5 mm是西北绿洲灌区燕麦种植较佳的节水、高产水氮管理模式。
英文摘要	Irrigation and fertilization, particularly nitrogen (N) fertilization, are principal field practices to stimulate crop growth and increase yield, and their interaction plays an important role in high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of oat. In the 2014-2015 oat growing seasons, a field experiment was conducted with three irrigation amounts and three nitrogen application rates to study the effects of water-nitrogen interaction on 0-150 cm soil water consumption, soil evaporation, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of oat variety "Longyan 3". The three irrigation amounts were 270 (I_1), 337.5 (I_2), and 405 mm (I_3), and the three N application rates were 90 (N_1), 120 (N_2), and 150 kg ha~(-1) (N_3). From sowing to maturity, the diurnal water consumption amount showed an increase-decrease trend, and the maximum consumption appeared at the duration of heading-filling. Under the same N application rate, the diurnal water consumption amount obviously increased with increasing irrigation amount. The soil evaporation (E) and the proportion of soil evaporation to evapotranspiration (E/ET) showed the decrease-increase tread in the whole growing period. Under the same N application rate, E and E/ET were enhanced with the increase of irrigation amount from jointing to filling stage, but declined from filling to harvest stage. The oat yield under a fixed N application rate had a positive relation to the irrigation amount, whereas, the WUE had the negative relation to the irrigation amount. For grain yield of oat, N_3I_3 ranked the top with yield of 5466.0-5727.5 kg ha~(-1), followed by N_3I_2 with yield of 5428.5-5678.5 kg ha~(-1), and N_1I_1 ranked the last with yield of 4504.5-4804.3 kg ha~(-1). For WUE, N_3I_2 was the best treatment with WUE of 12.11-12.82 kg mm~(-1) ha~(-1), followed by N_3I_1 with WUE of 12.04-12.63 kg mm~(-1) ha~(-1), and N_1I_3 was the worst treatment with WUE of 9.79-10.58 kg mm~(-1) ha~(-1). Obviously, water-nitrogen interaction had significant effects on WUE and yield of oat. Our results suggest that N application at 150 kg ha~(-1) coupling with irrigation amount of 337.5 mm is applicable in water-saving and high-yield production of oat in Northwest oasis area.
中文关键词	燕麦 ; 耗水特性 ; 水氮互作 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	Oat Water consumption characteristic Water-nitrogen interaction Water use efficiency (WUE)
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6055020
来源机构	甘肃农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237262
作者单位	1.甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 2.甘肃农业大学农学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 3.塔里木大学植物科学学院, 阿拉尔, 新疆 843300, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	冯福学,慕平,赵桂琴,等. 西北绿洲灌区水氮耦合对燕麦品种陇燕3号耗水特性及产量的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学,2017,43(9):1370-1380.
APA	冯福学,慕平,赵桂琴,柴继宽,刘欢,&陈国栋.(2017).西北绿洲灌区水氮耦合对燕麦品种陇燕3号耗水特性及产量的影响.作物学报,43(9),1370-1380.
MLA	冯福学,et al."西北绿洲灌区水氮耦合对燕麦品种陇燕3号耗水特性及产量的影响".作物学报 43.9(2017):1370-1380.