干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 冈仁波齐圣地景观区的草地承载力和载蓄率变化

Arid

	冈仁波齐圣地景观区的草地承载力和载蓄率变化
其他题名	The Rangeland Livestock Carrying Capacity and Stocking Rate in the Kailash Sacred Landscape in China
	段呈; 石培礼; 张宪洲; 宗宁; 柴曦; 耿守保; 朱婉芮
来源期刊	资源与生态学报
ISSN	1674-764X
出版年	2017
卷号	8 期号:6 页码:551-558
中文摘要	将草地载畜率控制在草地承载力范围内,维持草地的健康和持续生产力是草地生态系统可持续利用的基础,但目前对特定景观的安全承载力还知之甚少,这降低了在降雨年际波动较大环境,特别是干旱和半干旱区草地利用过程中规避风险的能力。采用2000-2015年的遥感数据、统计数据和气象数据,基于中国草地承载力和载蓄量计算标准,分析了冈仁波齐草地承载力和载蓄率的变化趋势和影响因素。结果表明:2000-2015年草地承载力呈增加趋势,而载蓄率呈逐渐减少的趋势,二者共同作用导致研究区承载率呈增加趋势。研究期间草地承载力的增加与降水的增加有关,而载蓄率的减少则主要受人类决策的调控,尤其是2005年后受国家退牧还草政策的影响,牲畜量明显少于20万标准羊单位。就对研究区承载率的影响程度而言,载蓄率的减少比草地承载力的增加影响更大,这和国家生态恢复项目通过补贴牧民来减少载蓄量有关。此外,研究结果表明研究区相对合适的草地承载力为17万标准羊单位。未来气候变暖和放牧压力仍是影响该区域草地承载力的主要因素,通过长期的草地承载力监测能够更好的为草地管理提供依据。
英文摘要	Maintaining the health and productivity of rangelands by controlling the livestock stocking rate to remain within carrying capacity is of significance to ensure sustainable management of rangeland ecosystems. But we know little about the safe carrying capacity in particular rangeland landscapes. This has hampered efforts to use rangelands in a risk-averse manner in fluctuating rainfall environments,and especially in arid and semiarid areas. To address this lack of information,we took Kailash Sacred Landscape in China(KSL-China)as our study site and used remote sensing data,meteorological data and statistical data from 2000 to 2015 to analyze rangeland carrying capacity,stocking rate,and major influencing factors. Rangeland carrying capacity presented an increasing trend,while stocking rate was gradually decreasing,resulting in an increase of carrying rate in the study area. The increased carrying capacity was closely related to increased rainfall. Stocking rate declined owing to government regulations,particularly implementation in 2004 of the national policy of Returning Grazing Land to Grassland. There was a sharp reduction of livestock number below 200 000 standard sheep units(SU)after 2005. The decrease of stocking rate had a stronger effect on rangeland carrying rate than did the increase of carrying capacity. Ecosystem restoration programs have provided subsidies to pastoralists to encourage them to reduce livestock numbers. Our findings suggest that a safe rangeland carrying capacity is ca. 170 000 SU in KSL-China. There is a carrying capacity surplus of ca. 50 000 SU for safe animal husbandry development in the study area. More importantly,future climate warming and increases in grazing may jointly play a key role in affecting rangeland carrying capacity.
中文关键词	冈仁波齐圣地景观 ; 草地 ; 牧草生产力 ; 承载力 ; 载蓄率
英文关键词	Kailash Sacred Landscape in China rangeland net primary productivity safe carrying capacity stocking rate
语种	英语
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6122421
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237241
作者单位	Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	段呈,石培礼,张宪洲,等. 冈仁波齐圣地景观区的草地承载力和载蓄率变化[J],2017,8(6):551-558.
APA	段呈.,石培礼.,张宪洲.,宗宁.,柴曦.,...&朱婉芮.(2017).冈仁波齐圣地景观区的草地承载力和载蓄率变化.资源与生态学报,8(6),551-558.
MLA	段呈,et al."冈仁波齐圣地景观区的草地承载力和载蓄率变化".资源与生态学报 8.6(2017):551-558.