干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 1961-2015年中国潜在蒸散时空变化特征与成因

Arid

	1961-2015年中国潜在蒸散时空变化特征与成因
其他题名	Spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of potential evapotranspiration and impact factors in China from 1961 to 2015
	吴霞; 王培娟; 霍治国; 白月明
来源期刊	资源科学
ISSN	1007-7588
出版年	2017
卷号	39 期号:5 页码:964-977
中文摘要	基于中国552个气象站点1961-2015年逐日气象数据,利用Penman-Monteith公式得到各站点逐日ET_0,以全国和各干湿气候区为研究单元,从年、季节和年代际尺度分析ET_0的时空分布特征及其变化成因。结果表明:全国各站点年平均ET0为621~1733mm,在年、年代际尺度表现为干旱区ET_0最高、半干旱区和湿润区次之、半湿润区最低;季节尺度上,ET_0的空间分布存在明显差异,且夏季ET_0最高、春秋季次之、冬季最低。全国年平均ET_0以0.52mm/a的速率递减,该下降趋势在1972年存在突变现象;干旱区和湿润区大部分站点ET_0呈减小趋势,且干旱区减小速率较快;而在半干旱区和半湿润区,ET_0呈增加和减小趋势的站点数大致相当。研究表明,1961-2015年中国ET_0呈减少趋势主要是由风速减小、日照时数降低和水汽压微弱增加共同导致的,而20世纪90年代以后ET_0的增加趋势主要受水汽压、日照时数和最低气温的共同影响。
英文摘要	The spatio- temporal distribution characteristics of ET_o regarding national and four climatic regional scales were analyzed at annual,seasonal and decadal scales to obtain the spatiotemporal pattern for ET_o. Results show that the average annual ET_o is 620-1729mm in China. The regions with the highest ET_o are mainly distributed in arid regions,while areas with lower ET_o are concentrates in semiarid,humid and semihumid regions at both 55- year average and different decadal scales. At a seasonal scale,the spatial distributions of ET_o show a clear pattern:ET_o is the highest in summer,followed by spring and autumn,and the lowest in winter,accounting for 39%, 30%,21% and 10% of average annual ET_o respectively. Temporally,the average annual ET_o decreased at a rate of 0.52mm/a from 1961 to 2015,and the decreasing trend has a mutation phenomenon in 1972. Although there is an increasing trend since the last decade of the 20th century, it did not detect the mutation year using Mann-Kendall methods. Trends of ET_o in different climate regions are distinctive. ET_o in most sites decreased in arid region and humid regions,and the meteorological stations tended to decrease in arid regions more than in humid regions. In semi-arid and semi-humid regions,the number of sites is roughly equivalent regarding those that increased or decreased for ET_o. More than 85% of the sites in our country have ET_o mainly affected by wind speed and sunshine time. The decreasing trend of ET_o in recent 55 years was mainly caused by a decrease in wind speed,reduced sunshine time and a slight increase in vapor pressure. The major reason of ET_o increase was vapor pressure, and the second were sunshine time and the lowest air temperature.
中文关键词	潜在蒸散 ; 干湿气候区 ; 时空分布特征 ; 变化成因 ; 中国
英文关键词	potential evapotranspiration wet and dry climatic regions spatio-temporal distribution characteristics reason for change China
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5990858
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237227
作者单位	中国气象科学研究院, 北京 100081, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴霞,王培娟,霍治国,等. 1961-2015年中国潜在蒸散时空变化特征与成因[J],2017,39(5):964-977.
APA	吴霞,王培娟,霍治国,&白月明.(2017).1961-2015年中国潜在蒸散时空变化特征与成因.资源科学,39(5),964-977.
MLA	吴霞,et al."1961-2015年中国潜在蒸散时空变化特征与成因".资源科学 39.5(2017):964-977.