干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 14岁以下儿童大面积烧伤的多中心流行病学调查

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	14岁以下儿童大面积烧伤的多中心流行病学调查
其他题名	An epidemiological investigation of pediatric patients under 14 with large area burns: a multicenter study
	程文凤 1; 赵东旭 1; 申传安 1; 张红艳 2; 涂家金 3; 袁志强 4; 段鹏 5; 宋国栋 6
来源期刊	中华医学杂志
ISSN	0376-2491
出版年	2017
卷号	97 期号:6 页码:462-467
中文摘要	目的调査分析≤14岁儿童大面积烧伤的流行病学特征。方法收集全国106家烧伤救治单位2014年收治的的年龄≤14岁,烧伤面积≥30%总体表面积(TBSA)的住院儿童病历资料,根据其年龄分为0 ~3岁、4 ~6岁,7 ~ 14岁3组,对其年龄、性别比例、发病时间、烧伤原因、伤后入院时间、院前急救情况、烧伤面积、合并吸入损伤情况、病死率、住院时间等临床资料进行统计学分析。结果486例中男285例(58.6%),女201例(41.4%);年龄0 ~ 14岁,平均(3.4 2.8)岁,其中0~3岁组328例(67.5%)。271例(55.8%)烧伤发生在4 ~8月份。热液烫伤和火焰烧伤为致伤主要原因,总体分别占394例(81.1%)和71例(14.6%);在0 ~3岁、4 ~6岁、7 ~ 14岁组儿童中分别占89.6%和7.3%,70.8%和21.9% 、51.6%和41.9%,各年龄段致伤原因构成差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。伤后2 h内入院就诊者281例(57.8%);院前164例(33.7%)创面未予处理,236例(48.6%)创面涂抹牙膏、蛋清、酱油等不规范处理。烧伤总面积平均为(42.1 14.5)%TBSA,288例(59.3%)患儿合并Ⅲ度烧伤,Ⅲ度烧伤面积平均为(24.5 17.9) % TBSA。总病死率4.1 % (20/ 486),其中合并吸入性损伤者为20.9% (9/43),显著高于无吸入损伤者的2.5% (11/443) (P< 0.01)。平均住院时间为(52.3 40.2)d。结论0~3岁小儿是儿童大面积烧伤的高危人群,热液烫伤是主要致伤原因,火焰烧伤比例随年龄增加而升高。烧伤后大多能及时入院接受专科治疗,但院前急救情况不容乐观。
英文摘要	Objective To investigate and evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of patients under 14 with large area bums in China. Methods Data of pediatric patients aged 0 - 14yr with ≥ 30% total body surface area (TBSA) burned admitted into 106 burn centers in the mainland of China in 2014 were retrieved. The children were divided into three age groups: 0-3, 4-6 and 7-14 years according to the age. Information of age, gender, time of burn injury, causes of bums, admission time, prehospital emergency care of burn wound, burn area, inhalation injuries, the case fatality rate and length of hospital stay were collected for analysis. Results Of the 486 cases included, 285 (58.6%) were boys and 201 (41.4%) were girls. The mean age of the children was (3.4 2.8) years. Children under 3 years old accounted for 67.5% of all the cases. 271 of the burn injuries (55.8%) occurred from April through August. Scalds and flames were the main causes of burns, which were the causes of 394 cases (81.1%) and 71 oases (14.6%), respectively. The bum injuries resulted from scalds and flames accounted for 89.6% and 7.3%,70.8% and 21.9%, 51.6% and 41.9% in the age group of 0-3, 4-6 and 7-14 years respectively. The distribution of bum etiology in different age groups differed significantly (x~2 = 21.239, 59.442,7.333,all P <0.01). Most of the patients (57.8%) were admitted within 2 hours after injury. However, when it came to the pre-hospital emergency management of burn wound, 164 patients (33.7%) did not use any drug or wound dressing, whereas the wound area of 236 patients (48.6%) were treated improperly with toothpaste,soy sauce,eggs or other non-standard disposal. The mean TBSA area of the patients was (42.1 14.5)%, while 288 (59.3%) of the patients suffered full thickness burns with mean TBSA of (24.5 17.9)%. The case fatality rate (CFR) was 4.1%, and the CFR of patients complicated with inhalation injury was significantly higher than those without (P < 0.01). The average length of stay for pediatric burn patients was (52.3 40.2) days. Conclusions Children under 3 years old are important target population of severe burns. Scald is the most common type of burns,while the proportion of flames increases as age goes up. Most patients are likely to get clinical treatment in time, however, the pre-hospital emergency burn care is not satisfying at present.
中文关键词	烧伤 ; 儿童 ; 流行病学 ; 多中心研究
英文关键词	Burns Child Epidemiology Multicenter studies
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	MEDICINE GENERAL INTERNAL
WOS研究方向	General & Internal Medicine
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5908874
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237216
作者单位	1.解放军总医院第一附属医院全军烧伤研究所, 北京 100048, 中国; 2.南昌大学第一附属医院烧伤科; 3.南昌大学附属赣州医院烧伤整形科; 4.第三军医大学西南医院烧伤科; 5.山西省烧伤救治中心烧伤科; 6.山东大学附属济南市中心医院烧伤科
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	程文凤,赵东旭,申传安,等. 14岁以下儿童大面积烧伤的多中心流行病学调查[J],2017,97(6):462-467.
APA	程文凤.,赵东旭.,申传安.,张红艳.,涂家金.,...&宋国栋.(2017).14岁以下儿童大面积烧伤的多中心流行病学调查.中华医学杂志,97(6),462-467.
MLA	程文凤,et al."14岁以下儿童大面积烧伤的多中心流行病学调查".中华医学杂志 97.6(2017):462-467.