干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 喀斯特地区县域土壤侵蚀估算及其对土地利用变化的响应

Arid

	喀斯特地区县域土壤侵蚀估算及其对土地利用变化的响应
其他题名	Estimation of soil erosion and its response to land use change in Karst regions at county scale
	李成志; 连晋姣; 陈洪松; 冯腾; 付智勇
来源期刊	中国水土保持科学
ISSN	2096-2673
出版年	2017
卷号	15 期号:5 页码:39-47
中文摘要	喀斯特地区土层浅薄,不合理的土地利用导致严重的水土流失,加剧石漠化程度。为定量分析生态工程实施前后土壤侵蚀状况及其对土地利用变化的响应,基于GIS技术和RMMF模型,对环江县1991、2000和2010年土壤侵蚀进行模拟,并采用邻近水文站和径流小区泥沙监测数据进行验证。结果表明:1991、2000和2010年研究区土壤侵蚀模数分别为76.36、76.46和49.60 t /( km~2·a) ,与相关监测数据比较一致;土壤侵蚀总量分别为34.76万、34.80万和22.58万t,主要来源于非喀斯特区(均约占全县侵蚀总量的94%) 。研究区微度侵蚀面积占90%以上,轻度及以上等级所占比例较小。对比不同土地利用类型的土壤侵蚀模数,旱地远大于其他类型,其次是中覆盖度草地和其他林地。相同降雨条件下,由于旱地面积减少,2010年土壤侵蚀量较1991年减少4.21万t;2010年喀斯特区、非喀斯特区土壤侵蚀量较2000年分别减少了4.21%和8.76%。这预示生态工程实施后,环江县耕地减少、林地增加,土壤侵蚀减少。本研究为评估喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀现状以及退耕还林的水土保持效应提供参考依据。
英文摘要	[Background]In the Karst region of Southwest China,where is characterized with the fragile ecological environment and sharp contradiction between the large population and limited land resources, rocky desertification is severe. The changes of land use types and degrees of human disturbances would affect soil loss amount and levels of rocky desertification. Therefore,it is important to simulate the soil erosion in the Karst area and to study the response of soil erosion to land use type changes. [Methods] Based on the modified RMMF model and ArcGIS technology,this paper simulated the soil erosion in Huanjiang County in 1991,2000 and 2010. The response of soil erosion to land use type changes was simulated under the same rainfall condition. [Results]Fine agreements of RMMF simulated soil loss and observations from hydrological stations were obtained. The results showed that the soil erosion modulus decreased from 76. 36 t /( km~2·a) in 1991 and 76. 46 t /( km~2·a) in 2000 to 49. 60 t /( km~2·a) in 2010. The sediment yields were 34. 76 10~4,34. 80 10~4 and 22. 58 10~4 t for 1991,2000 and 2010, respectively. The non-Karst area is the main sediment source area,and its mean soil loss amount accounted for about 94% of total soil loss amount of Huanjiang County. Most areas suffered from slight degree of soil erosion,accounting for more than 90%,while the other areas suffered from higher levels of soil erosion,accounting for very small proportion. Compared with values of other land use types,the soil erosion modulus of dry land was much larger,followed by medium coverage grassland. Specifically,over 80% and 70% of soil loss amounts were from dry lands for Karst area and non-Karst area,respectively. For the same land use type,the non-Karst area had a larger soil erosion modulus than the Karst area. In the scenario simulation,the rainfall data of 1991 was used instead of the original rainfall data to estimate soil erosion in 2000 and 2010,and the sediment yield decreased 4. 21 10~4 t from 1991 to 2010 due to the decrease in dry land area. The sediment yields in 2010 decreased by 4. 21% and 8. 76% of those in 2000 for Karst area and non-Karst area,respectively. [Conculsions]These results indicated that the soil erosion amount had reduced since 2010 by reducing the dry land area and increasing vegetation coverage in Huanjiang County. This study may provide a reference basis for regional soil erosion estimation and soil-water conservation effectiveness assessment in Karst region.
中文关键词	土壤侵蚀 ; RMMF模型 ; 喀斯特 ; 土地利用
英文关键词	soil erosion RMMF model Karst land use type
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6114182
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237189
作者单位	中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 中国科学院亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室;;中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 长沙, 湖南 410125, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李成志,连晋姣,陈洪松,等. 喀斯特地区县域土壤侵蚀估算及其对土地利用变化的响应[J],2017,15(5):39-47.
APA	李成志,连晋姣,陈洪松,冯腾,&付智勇.(2017).喀斯特地区县域土壤侵蚀估算及其对土地利用变化的响应.中国水土保持科学,15(5),39-47.
MLA	李成志,et al."喀斯特地区县域土壤侵蚀估算及其对土地利用变化的响应".中国水土保持科学 15.5(2017):39-47.