干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响

Arid

	不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响
其他题名	Effect of tillage practice on carbon footprint of rainfed winter wheat
	李萍; 郝兴宇; 宗毓铮; 古润生; 贾绍辉; 董琦; 郭李萍
来源期刊	中国生态农业学报
ISSN	1671-3990
出版年	2017
卷号	25 期号:6 页码:839-847
中文摘要	为了解不同耕作管理措施对我国北方旱作农田作物生产生命周期内生产资料及生产过程碳排放足迹的影响,在山西省临汾市尧都区连续15年保护性耕作长期定位试验基地,利用静态箱-气相色谱法连续两年测定了不同秸秆管理和耕作措施(秸秆不还田旋耕、秸秆还田旋耕、秸秆覆盖免耕)下,旱作冬小麦田N_2O周年排放通量,并对不同耕作管理措施的生产资料和生产过程中的碳排放进行全面分析与计算,以估算不同耕作措施的碳足迹。结果表明: 1)秸秆覆盖免耕和秸秆不还田旋耕条件下旱作冬小麦田N_2O年度累积排放量较秸秆还田旋耕分别平均减少19.2%和18.9%; 2)旱作冬小麦在秸秆覆盖免耕条件下产量最高; 3)旱作农田碳足迹中氮肥生产、农田N_2O直接排放和柴油消耗排放占到总排放足迹的90%以上; 4)秸秆覆盖免耕较其他耕作方式的碳足迹低,两年试验期间,较秸秆还田旋耕处理碳足迹分别低11.0%和6.9%,较秸秆不还田旋耕处理碳足迹分别低7.9%和8.3%。5)在半干旱地区,秸秆覆盖免耕处理单位产量碳足迹最低,是本研究中低碳低排的推荐措施。本研究结果可为旱作农田以低碳减排为目标的可持续发展提供科学依据。
英文摘要	It is crucial to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from soil and to abate carbon emissions from the production of goods (e.g., fertilizers, seeds, etc.) and production processes (e.g., diesel consumption by machines) for sustainable agricultural production. In order to evaluate carbon footprint and carbon emission intensity of different tillage practices in rainfed field, a 15-year long-term experiment with three different tillage practices was conducted in Linfen, Shanxi Province, a typical semi-arid area in North China. The investigated tillage management practices were rotary tillage without straw incorporation (RT), straw incorporation and rotary tillage (SRT) and straw-mulch and no-tillage (SNT). Carbon footprint in the production life-cycle of different tillage practice of rainfed winter wheat was explored, in which N_2O emissions from field were measured using the static chamber-gas chromatography method and the other emissions calculated by analyzing emissions from the production of main goods and the associated processes during life-cycle period of winter wheat. The results showed that N_2O emissions under SNT and RT management practices were 19.2% and 18.9% lower than that under SRT practice, respectively. N_2O emissions mainly occurred during the period from booting to maturity and then the period of summer fallow when soil temperature and moisture were most appropriate. N_2O emissions derived directly from nitrogen fertilizer and carbon emissions from the processes of chemical fertilizer production explained the most share of carbon footprint in the life-cycle of rainfed winter wheat, accounting for 21.6% and 46.4% of the total carbon footprints, respectively. N2O emissions and carbon emissions derived from nitrogen fertilizer production and diesel consumption, and direct emission for field accounted for over 90% of the carbon footprint of rainfed winter wheat system. Carbon footprint under SNT practice was the lowest among three treatments, it was respectively 7.9%-11.0% and 6.9%-8.3% lower than those under SRT and RT. SNT management practice had the lowest carbon footprint among three tillage practices. Thus, straw incorporation with no-tillage was the most appropriate practice for sustainable agricultural production aimed at low greenhouse gas emissions and low carbon consumption in the semi-arid area of North China.
中文关键词	秸秆还田 ; 免耕 ; 旱作小麦 ; N_2O排放 ; 碳足迹
英文关键词	Straw incorporation No-tillage Rainfed wheat N_2O emission Carbon footprint
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5991036
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/237169
作者单位	李萍, 山西农业大学农学院, 太谷, 山西 030801, 中国.; 郝兴宇, 山西农业大学农学院, 太谷, 山西 030801, 中国.; 宗毓铮, 山西农业大学农学院, 太谷, 山西 030801, 中国.; 董琦, 山西农业大学农学院, 太谷, 山西 030801, 中国.; 古润生, 山西临汾市农机局, 临汾, 山西 041000, 中国.; 贾绍辉, 山西临汾市农机局, 临汾, 山西 041000, 中国.; 郭李萍, 中国农业科学院农业与环境可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李萍,郝兴宇,宗毓铮,等. 不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响[J],2017,25(6):839-847.
APA	李萍.,郝兴宇.,宗毓铮.,古润生.,贾绍辉.,...&郭李萍.(2017).不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响.中国生态农业学报,25(6),839-847.
MLA	李萍,et al."不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响".中国生态农业学报 25.6(2017):839-847.