干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 喷施中性多聚糖对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响

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	喷施中性多聚糖对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响
其他题名	Effect of Spraying Jag S on Rain Water Infiltration on Loess Slope
	李元元 1; 王占礼 1; 刘俊娥 2; 焦念 3; 张加琼 1
来源期刊	土壤学报
ISSN	0564-3929
出版年	2017
卷号	54 期号:4 页码:844-853
中文摘要	中性多聚糖(Jag S)是一种新型高聚物,研究该高聚物对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响可对采用土壤侵蚀化学调控技术措施防治黄土坡面土壤侵蚀提供新的理论基础。通过人工模拟降雨试验,研究不同雨强(1.0、1.5、2.0 mm min~(-1)),不同坡度(10°、15°、20°)条件下,坡面降雨入渗及产流时间与喷施不同剂量(1、3、5 g m~(-2))Jag S之间的关系。结果表明:在不同坡度不同雨强下,与裸露坡面相比,喷施3种剂量的高分子化学材料Jag S均减少了前期降雨入渗率,但1及3 g m~(-2)剂量Jag S处理能够明显提高黄土坡面入渗性能,减缓入渗在整个降雨过程的下降趋势,提高稳渗率,强化入渗效应均值分别为21.53%及9.17%,大剂量(5 g m~(-2))Jag S反而降低了土壤入渗性能(小雨强下除外)。喷施不同剂量Jag S的坡面其产流开始时间差异很小,但均早于裸露坡面,且表现为Jag S喷施剂量越大,坡面越早产流,大坡度大剂量对降雨产流时间影响较大。三个剂量对应产流时间提前百分比均值分别为47.26%、50.47%及66.28%。总之,Jag S在一定程度上能改善黄土坡面土壤结构,提高黄土坡面降雨入渗性能,从而降低土壤侵蚀,为采用高聚物进行水土保持提供了科学依据。
英文摘要	【Objective】The technology of using chemicals to control soil erosion is mainly implemented through spraying high molecular compounds over on the surface soil layer to improve its soil structure, to enhance stability of its soil aggregates,to prevent dispersion of its clays and hence to increase rain water infiltration rate and eventually to control surface runoff and soil erosion. Jag S is a kind of neutral polysaccharide and a new type of high polymer. This study on effect of the use of this high polymer on rainwater infiltration rate in loess slopes is intended to lay down a new theoretic basis for applying the technology of using chemicals to control soil erosion to the Loess Plateau in arid and semi-arid regions for erosion control and water conservation. Control of soil erosion with chemicals is a new method,which is developed on the basis of the modern chemical industry and different from the traditional soil and water conservation methods. 【Method】An indoor experiment was conducted in the Rainfall Simulation Hall at the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau at the Institute of Soil and Water Conservation. A rainfall simulator system with side-sprinklers was used to simulate rainfall events different in intensity ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 mm min~(-1). The sprinklers were 16 m high above the experimental field,providing simulated rainfall events over 80% in uniformity and raindrops 0.25 to 0.375 mm in diameter,when a rainfall event was set at 1~2 mm min~(-1) in rainfall intensity. Kinetic energy of the raindrops striking at surface soil of the field ranged from 365 to 847 J h~(-1) m~(-2). The indoor simulated rainfall experiment was designed to explore relationships of rain water infiltration rate and initiation time of runoff with dosage(1,3 and 5 g m~(-2))of Jag S used relative to slope gradient(10°,15° and 20°)and rainfall intensity(1.0,1.5 and 2.0 mm min~(-1)). 【Result】Results show that compared with the CK slope,all the slopes sprayed with Jag S regardless of rate were lowered in infiltration rate during the initial period of all rainfall events. However,the spraying of 1 and 3 g m~(-2) Jag S significantly raised rain water infiltration rate on all loess soil slopes in the late stages of the rainfall events,and reduced the buffering effect during the initial periods of the rainfalls. Consequently, the rain water infiltration rate increased by 21.53% and the infiltration enhancement rate by 9.17%. On the contrary,the spraying of 5 g m~(-2) Jag S weakened the rainfall water infiltration rate in all rainfall events except for the one lowest in intensity(1.0 mm min~(-1))and in all the loess slopes. The soil slopes sprayed with Jag S, regardless of rate,differed very slightly in runoff initiation time,however,they had runoff initiated earlier than the CK slope. The higher the Jag S spraying rat,the earlier the runoff initiated. Obviously the effects of a high Jag S spraying rate and a high slope gradient on runoff initiation were significant. The runoff initiation advancement rate on slopes sprayed with 1,3 and 5 g m~(-2) was 47.26%,50.47% and 66.28%,respectively, under rainfalls the same in intensity. 【Conclusion】All the finding indicate that Jag S is to a certain extent, effective to improve soil structure of the loess slopes and increase rainwater infiltration rate and hence reduce soil erosion. Consequently,spraying of the neutral polymer Jag S on surface soil of a loess slope is a potential alternative to control soil erosion on the Loess Plateau. The findings of this study may serve as a scientific basis for soil and water conservation using polymers.
中文关键词	多聚糖(Jag S) ; 黄土坡面 ; 降雨入渗 ; 水土保持
英文关键词	Polysaccharide(Jag S) Loess slope Rainfall infiltration Soil and water conservation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6040008
来源机构	西北农林科技大学 ; 陕西师范大学 ; 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/236770
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 西安, 陕西 710019, 中国; 3.黄河西峰水土保持治理监督局, 西峰, 甘肃 745000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李元元,王占礼,刘俊娥,等. 喷施中性多聚糖对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学, 陕西师范大学, 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,2017,54(4):844-853.
APA	李元元,王占礼,刘俊娥,焦念,&张加琼.(2017).喷施中性多聚糖对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响.土壤学报,54(4),844-853.
MLA	李元元,et al."喷施中性多聚糖对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响".土壤学报 54.4(2017):844-853.