干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 覆盖材料和沟垄比对土壤水分和紫花苜蓿干草产量的影响

Arid

	覆盖材料和沟垄比对土壤水分和紫花苜蓿干草产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of mulching materials and furrow-to-ridge ratios on soil moisture and alfalfa forage yield
	宋兴阳 1; 王琦 1; 李富春 1; 胡广荣 1; 张登奎 1; 张恩和 2; 刘青林 2; 王鹤龄 3
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2017
卷号	37 期号:3 页码:798-809
中文摘要	为寻求半干旱黄土高原区种植紫花苜蓿的适宜覆盖材料和最佳沟垄比,采用完全随机设计布置大田试验,以传统平作为对照,研究不同垄覆盖材料(土壤结皮、生物可降解地膜和普通地膜)和不同沟垄比(沟宽:垄宽分别为60:30、60:45和60:60,单位是cm)对土壤水分和紫花苜蓿干草产量等的影响。结果表明:通过对2012年和2013年紫花苜蓿生育期降雨量统计,2a平均值显示,无效降雨次数(53次)大于有效降雨次数(27次),无效降雨对总降雨量的贡献率(19%)小于有效降雨(81%)。就紫花苜蓿全生育期而言,与平作相比,SR_(30)、SR_(45)、SR_(60)、BMR_(30)、BMR_(45)、BMR_(60)、CMR_(30)、CMR_(45)和CMR_(60)(SR、BMR和CMR分别代表土垄、生物可降解膜垄和普通膜垄,下标分别表示垄宽为30、45cm和60cm)连续2a的平均根层(0-140 cm)土壤贮水量分别提高12.8、19.2、24.4、26.0、30.7、40.5、29.9、37.1 mm和47.7 mm。垄沟集雨种植第1年龄和第2年龄紫花苜蓿根层没有出现明显干层。与平作相比,SR_(30)、SR_(45)和SR_(60)的连续2a紫花苜蓿平均实际干草产量分别降低3%、8%和13%,WUE分别提高52%、58% 和55%;BMR_(30)、BMR_(45)、BMR_(60)、CMR_(30)。、CMR_(45)和CMR_(60)的连续2a紫花苜蓿平均实际干草产量分别提高14%、12%、7%、17%、19%和9%,WUE分别提高49%、62%、59%、51%、67%和56%。当紫花苜蓿生育期降雨量为380.7-427.6 mm和沟垄比为60 cm:35-36 cm时,生物可降解膜垄和普通膜垄的紫花苜蓿实际干草产量达到最大值,为该地区垄沟集雨种植紫花苜蓿提供参考。
英文摘要	To determine the optimum furrow-to-ridge ratio and a suitable ridge-mulching material for alfalfa production in a ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting system in the semi-arid Loess Plateau, a field experiment with a randomized complete block design was conducted during the 2012 and 2013 alfalfa growing seasons. The experiment was designed to investigate the effects of different mulching materials (manually compacted soil crust,biodegradable mulch film,and common plastic film) and furrow to ridge ratios (60:30,60:45,and 60:60 [cm:cm]) on soil moisture and alfalfa forage yield, with traditional flat planting (TFP) as a control. The average number of ineffective rainfall events (53) was greater than that of effective rainfall events (27) over these two years, and the contribution rate (19%) of the ineffective rainfall to annual rainfall was less than that (81%) of the effective rainfall. Compared with TFP, increases in the soil water storage at depths of 0-140 cm were 12.8, 19.2, 24.4, 26.0, 30.7, 40.5, 29.9, 37.1, and 47.7 mm in SR_(30), SR_(45), SR_(60), BMR_(30), BMR_(45),BMR_(60), CMR_(30), CMR_(45) and CMR_(60)(SR, BMR, and CMR were ridges with manually compacted soil, covered with biodegradable mulch film,and covered with common plastic film,respectively,and subscripts 30, 45, and 60 refer to ridge widths (cm), all with 60 cm furrow width),respectively. There was no distinctive dry soil layer found within the root zone among ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting treatments during 2 consecutive years. Compared with TFP,forage yields decreased by 3%,8%, and 13% for SR_(30), SR_(45) and SR_(60), respectively, while water use efficiency (WUE) increased by 52%, 58%, and 55% over the two years in these ridge-furrow systems. Forage yields increased by 14%,12%,7%,17%,19%, and 9% for BMR_(30), BMR_(45), BMR_(60), CMR_(30), CMR_(45) and CMR_(60), respectively, while WUE increased by 49%,62%,59%, 51%, 67%, and 56% in these ridge-furrow systems in the same period. Optimum furrow width was 35-36 cm for BMR and CMR in the ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting system with 60 cm furrows for alfalfa production in this region that has an annual 380.7-427.6 mm rainfall. This information is useful for alfalfa production in ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting systems in this region.
中文关键词	垄沟集雨 ; 紫花苜蓿 ; 土壤水分 ; 干草产量 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	ridge-furrow rainwater harvesting alfalfa soil moisture forage yield water use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5924590
来源机构	甘肃农业大学 ; 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/236437
作者单位	1.甘肃农业大学草业学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 2.甘肃农业大学农学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 3.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	宋兴阳,王琦,李富春,等. 覆盖材料和沟垄比对土壤水分和紫花苜蓿干草产量的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学, 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,2017,37(3):798-809.
APA	宋兴阳.,王琦.,李富春.,胡广荣.,张登奎.,...&王鹤龄.(2017).覆盖材料和沟垄比对土壤水分和紫花苜蓿干草产量的影响.生态学报,37(3),798-809.
MLA	宋兴阳,et al."覆盖材料和沟垄比对土壤水分和紫花苜蓿干草产量的影响".生态学报 37.3(2017):798-809.