干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 加气灌溉改善干旱区葡萄根际土壤化学特性及细菌群落结构

Arid

	加气灌溉改善干旱区葡萄根际土壤化学特性及细菌群落结构
其他题名	Aeration irrigation improving grape rhizosphere soil chemical properties and bacterial community structure in arid area
	赵丰云; 杨湘; 董明明; 蒋宇; 于坤; 郁松林
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2017
卷号	33 期号:22 页码:119-126
中文摘要	为探讨地下穴贮滴灌条件下根际注气对干旱区葡萄根际土壤化学性质、细菌多样性及群落结构影响。该研究以3a箱栽’红地球’葡萄为试验材料,以自行设计的地下穴贮滴灌"水肥气"一体化设备作为注气装置,16S高通量基因组测序作为研究土壤细菌多样性及群落结构的关键技术手段。结果表明地下穴贮滴灌根际注气可有效提高土壤pH值,显著增加土壤速效磷(40~50 cm除外)和速效钾含量,促进土层深度20~30 cm土壤有机质分解;对氮磷钾相关菌属的分析表明,根际注气可促进与硝化作用相关的亚硝化螺菌属,磷钾代谢相关的假单胞菌属、芽孢杆菌属,抑制与反硝化相关的罗尔斯通菌属,表明加气灌溉能促进植株对氮磷钾的吸收与能提高硝化作用、解磷解钾相关菌群数量有关。chao1、shannon指数分析表明地下穴贮滴灌根际注气可有效改变细菌群落丰度,但对细菌群落多样性影响较小;对于细菌门,注气处理增加了放线菌门和硝化螺旋菌门的丰度,其中在40~50 cm土层注气处理放线菌门和硝化螺旋菌门分别比未注气高16.7%与22.7%,达到极显著水平;典型相关分析及相关分析表明,地下穴贮滴灌注气条件下土壤pH值、速效磷和硝酸盐含量是影响细菌群落结构的重要指标。该研究结果可为干旱区地下穴贮滴灌条件下科学合理注气提供理论依据。
英文摘要	In traditional agricultural irrigation, uptake of water of plant root and its own respiration are relatively contradictory. When the water content is satisfied, aerobic respiration can not fully carry out due to limited air supply in soil. Good soil aeration is beneficial for maintaining higher soil fertility and crop growth and development. Once air capacity in soil decreases and gas exchange is restricted, the soil physical and chemical properties would become deteriorated, which affects the normal growth of the crops, resulting in reduced production. Aeration irrigation is an improvement of subsurface drip irrigation(SDI), and it involves the delivery of oxygen or oxygenated material to the root zone of the crop through subsurface drip irrigation systems to improve soil aeration, and to meet the needs of root growth and development, thereby promoting growth and development of crops and improving crop yield and quality. Soil microorganisms are the most important and active part of soil ecosystems and reflect changes in soil quality in a sensitive, timely, and accurate manner. However, few reports have described the effects of aeration on soil microbial diversity. In this study, Red Globe grape planted in boxes was used as experimental material, self-designed integrated equipment of SDI with tanks of fertilizer-water-gas was involved as gas injection device, and high-throughput 16S genome sequencing was the key technique to study effect of aeration of rhizosphere under condition of SDI with tanks on the rhizosphere soil and bacterial community structure. The results showed that aeration of rhizosphere under condition of SDI with tanks could raise the pH values of soils, increase the contents of Olsen-P and available K in soil, and promote decomposition of organic matter in the 20-30 cm soil layer. Analysis of bacteria related to nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium metabolism showed that rhizosphere aeration can promote the Nitrosospira associated with nitrification,Pseudomonas and Bacillus associated with phosphorus and potassium metabolism, and inhibited Ralstonia associated with denitrifying bacteria. It showed that absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the plant maybe due to the increase of nitrifying bacteria and bacteria of decomposition of organic phosphorus and potassium. According to the analysis of microbial community structure, we learned that aeration of rhizosphere under condition of SDI with tanks promoted the growth of aerobic bacteria such as Nitrospirae, inhibited the growth of anaerobic bacteria Planctomycetes. Furthermore, Chao1 and Shannon index analyses indicated that aeration of rhizosphere under condition of SDI with tanks could change the abundance of bacterial community effectively. However, it had little effect on bacterial community diversity. In addition, for bacterial phylum, aeration treatment increased the abundance of actinomycetes and Nitrospira, which were 16.7% and 22.7% higher(P<0.01) with aeration treatment than that without aeration in the 40-50 cm soil layer, respectively, and reached extremely significant levels(P<0.01). Canonical correspondence analysis(CCA) and correlation analyses showed that the pH values of soils, Olsen-P and available K contents were important indicators of bacterial community structure when applying aeration of rhizosphere under condition of SDI with tanks. The results of this study showed that the SDI system can be used for aeration without extensive increases cost. This irrigation approach can improve soil aeration quality, optimize soil microbial community structure, and improve fertilizer use efficiency, which has certain application and promotion prospects. However, the frequency and intensity of aeration of rhizosphere under SDI with tanks need to be further optimized.
中文关键词	土壤 ; 细菌 ; 灌溉 ; 地下穴贮滴灌 ; 注气 ; 化学性质
英文关键词	soils bacteria irrigation subsurface drip irrigation with tanks aeration chemical properties
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6129226
来源机构	石河子大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/236335
作者单位	石河子大学农学院, 特色果蔬栽培生理与种质资源利用兵团重点实验室, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	赵丰云,杨湘,董明明,等. 加气灌溉改善干旱区葡萄根际土壤化学特性及细菌群落结构[J]. 石河子大学,2017,33(22):119-126.
APA	赵丰云,杨湘,董明明,蒋宇,于坤,&郁松林.(2017).加气灌溉改善干旱区葡萄根际土壤化学特性及细菌群落结构.农业工程学报,33(22),119-126.
MLA	赵丰云,et al."加气灌溉改善干旱区葡萄根际土壤化学特性及细菌群落结构".农业工程学报 33.22(2017):119-126.