干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 酸枣新品种蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号的选育

Arid

	酸枣新品种蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号的选育
其他题名	Breeding of new wild jujube cultivarsLanmao No.1andLanmao No.2
	张建英 1; 毛向红 1; 张莹莹 1; 陆亚军 2
来源期刊	果树学报
ISSN	1009-9980
出版年	2017
卷号	34 期号:6 页码:775-777
中文摘要	蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号酸枣是从野生酸枣资源中选育出的良种。2个品种的果实均为鲜红色,长圆形,大型果,蓝猫1号单果质量4.86 g、可食率89%,蓝猫2号单果质量4.78 g、可食率89%。蓝猫1号鲜果可溶性固形物、总酸含量分别为25.10%和2.19%,蓝猫2号的分别为27.05%和2.12%。蓝猫1号在石家庄地区4月上中旬萌芽,6月中旬盛花期,9月中旬白熟期,果实成熟期9月下旬,11月上旬落叶;蓝猫2号在石家庄地区4月上中旬萌芽,6月初盛花期,果实成熟期9月中旬,11月初落叶。蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号抗病性均较强,白熟期遇连续阴雨天气时蓝猫1号裂果率要高于蓝猫2号。适合河北省酸枣适生区栽培。
英文摘要	Lanmao No.1andLanmao No.2, two new cultivars with excellent characteristics (such as big fruit size, beautiful color, and good taste quality) were selected from wild Jujube resources. Maternal trees of Lanmao No.1andLanmao No.2were initially selected in 2005 for the strong resistance and excellent characters of fresh food. By the method of grafting, they were planted in experimental orchard in 2007. Through the observation about growing and fruiting, they were selected as superior lines. After regional adaptability testing at three sites (including Hebei Academy of Forestry Science, Tangshan Lanmao Drink Company and Qipanshan Fruit Farm, Lulong) over five years from 2010 to 2014, they were finally selected in 2015. Tree ofLanmao No.1is vigorous with ramose crown and open tree gesture after bearing. Tree of Lanmao No.2is vigorous with conical crown and upright tree gesture. Leaves of them are green, long oval, and acuminate. Flower is yellow-green and the amount is large. 2-8 flowers group as a cyme. Fruit ofLanmao No.1is long elliptic, red color and big size. Fruit ofLanmao No.2is long elliptic, bright red color and the size is little smaller thanLanmao No.1. Single fruit weight and edible rate of these two cultivars are 4.86 g, 89%, 4.78 g and 89%, respectively. Soluble solid content and total acid content ofLanmao No.1are 25.10% and 2.19%, respectively. The corresponding data ofLanmao No.2are 27.05% and 2.12%, respectively. Flesh of these two cultivars taste crisp, delicate, juicy, sweet and sour.Lanmao No.2 is sweeter thanLanmao No.1. The germination stage, full-bloom stage, white-ripe period, mature period and defoliation period ofLanmao No.1are the first and second ten days of April, middle June, middle September, late September and the first ten days of November, respectively. The corresponding periods ofLanmao No.2are the first and second ten days of April, early June, the first ten days of September, middle September and the beginning of November, respectively. Both of them have strong disease resistance. If fruits in white-ripe period meet continuous rainy weather, fruits will suffer from cracking. The resistance to cracking ofLanmao No.2is better thanLanmao No.1. suitable area in Hebei province for wild Jujube is suitable for these two new cultivars. Planting in poor sit condition, the first work is to improve sit condition. There are two ways can be used for orchard, the one is planting grafted seedlings directly, and the other one is planting seedling firstly, and then grafting. After first irrigation, plastic film should be covered in arid mountain area in order to reduce soil water evaporation. In north China, the weather from May to June is arid and rainless, so new plantings should be watered 1-2 times. The shape of open center with multiple main branches is applied for wild Jujube production. The heights of trunk and tree body of such shape are 30 cm and 2.5-3.0 m. The technique of reshaping and pruning is about erasing redundant buds, pinching, branch drawing, thinning dense branches, cutting back and adjusting density of branches. For orchards which have no irrigation but poor soil condition, some drought-resisting measures and fertilizers should be used for improving cultivation condition. Fast released fertilizer is applied for wild jujube orchard as mainly fertilizers. In April, 0.1-0.2 kg rapidly available nitrogen should be applied for each grafted tree before germination. In autumn, top dressing can combine with tillage and covering. The fertilizer amount of rapidly available nitrogen and phosphorus is 0.1-0.2 kg per tree which depends on tree size.
中文关键词	酸枣 ; 新品种 ; 蓝猫1号 ; 蓝猫2号
英文关键词	Wild jujube New cultivar Lanmao No.1 Lanmao No.2
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	HORTICULTURE
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6000568
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/236146
作者单位	1.河北省林业科学研究院, 河北省林木良种工程技术研究中心, 石家庄, 河北 050061, 中国; 2.遵化市鑫增辉林果种植专业合作社, 遵化, 河北 064200, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张建英,毛向红,张莹莹,等. 酸枣新品种蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号的选育[J],2017,34(6):775-777.
APA	张建英,毛向红,张莹莹,&陆亚军.(2017).酸枣新品种蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号的选育.果树学报,34(6),775-777.
MLA	张建英,et al."酸枣新品种蓝猫1号和蓝猫2号的选育".果树学报 34.6(2017):775-777.