干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近50年基于农作物种植结构的新疆绿洲农田蒸散发时空变化分析

Arid

	近50年基于农作物种植结构的新疆绿洲农田蒸散发时空变化分析
其他题名	Spatial-temporal changes in evapotranspiration based on planting patterns of major crops in the Xinjiang oasis during 1960-2010
	吕娜娜 1; 白洁 1; 常存 1; 李均力 1; 罗格平1 ; 吴世新 1; 丁建丽2
来源期刊	地理研究
ISSN	1000-0585
出版年	2017
卷号	36 期号:8 页码:1443-1454
中文摘要	基于农作物种植结构准确估算绿洲农田蒸散发,对中国西北干旱区水土资源优化配置和生态环境可持续发展有重要意义。利用1960-2010年县级农业统计数据和基于遥感提取的绿洲耕地分布数据,产生逐年的新疆绿洲三种农作物(棉花、小麦、玉米)种植比例时空分布数据集,并在此基础上利用Penman-Monteith单作物系数法估算农作物蒸散发。结果表明:1960- 2010年全疆绿洲耕地面积持续增加,粮食作物占优势的单一种植结构类型已被经济作物替代,形成南疆棉花快速增加、北疆小麦快速减少的种植格局。近50年全疆三种农作物总蒸散发量增加了47.85%,棉花贡献率最高,其次为玉米,小麦最低。耕地面积和结构变化对绿洲农作物蒸散发时空分布和组成结构变化具有重要影响。
英文摘要	Evapotranspiration (ET) is an important process in the hydrological cycle of croplands in dry areas. Recently, significant cropland expansion and changes in crop planting patterns due to intensive human activity have influenced the water budget in arid areas of Northwest China. Accurate ET estimation is fundamental to water management and allocation. Up to now, a number of studies have concentrated on estimating ET by measurements, water balance, empirical approaches, and remote sensing models. However, they did not consider the effects of long- term changes in cropland area or planting pattern on agricultural water consumption. The spatial datasets of planting pattern including wheat, maize and cotton in Xinjiang from 1960 to 2010, were established by integrating agricultural statistics at the countylevel and cropland area maps extracted from LULC product. Thereafter, the actual ET of croplands was estimated using the FAO Penman- Monteith (P-M) equation, and the total ET (TET) of each watershed was calculated using the GIS technique. The results showed that (1) the cropland areas continued to increase and increased by a total of 90.9%. Since the 2000s, cash crop (cotton) has come to supplant staple crops (wheat and maize) in the planting structure of oasis cropland. From 1960 to 2010, about 72.2% of watersheds showed increasing trends of cotton planting, while 77.8% and 55.6% of basins experienced decreasing trends of wheat and maize planting. Results also showed that cotton planting proportions quickly increased in Southern Xinjiang and wheat planting proportions quickly decreased in Northern Xinjiang. (2) The TET of the three crops increased by 47.85%, and the largest contribution came from cotton, followed by corn and wheat for the period 1960-2010. Starting in the 2000s, wheat was replaced by cotton as the most important part of agricultural water consumption. This indicates that the changes in cultivated areas and planting structure would affect the spatial- temporal distribution of ET as well as composition of TET in cropland in arid regions.
中文关键词	种植结构 ; 蒸散发 ; 绿洲农田 ; 新疆
英文关键词	crop planting patterns evapotranspiration oasis cropland Xinjiang
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:6055136
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 ; 新疆大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235767
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830046, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吕娜娜,白洁,常存,等. 近50年基于农作物种植结构的新疆绿洲农田蒸散发时空变化分析[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆大学,2017,36(8):1443-1454.
APA	吕娜娜.,白洁.,常存.,李均力.,罗格平.,...&丁建丽.(2017).近50年基于农作物种植结构的新疆绿洲农田蒸散发时空变化分析.地理研究,36(8),1443-1454.
MLA	吕娜娜,et al."近50年基于农作物种植结构的新疆绿洲农田蒸散发时空变化分析".地理研究 36.8(2017):1443-1454.