干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响

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	干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响
其他题名	Effect of Drip Irrigation Pattern and Planting Density on Growth and Yield Performance of Cotton in Arid Area
	牛玉萍; 陈宗奎; 杨林川; 罗宏海; 张旺锋
来源期刊	作物学报
ISSN	0496-3490
出版年	2016
卷号	42 期号:10 页码:1506-1515
中文摘要	以高产棉花品种新陆早45为材料,自初花至吐絮设置常规滴灌(I_(500))和有限滴灌(I_(425)) 2种处理,每种滴灌模式下设低(D_(12))、中(D_(24))和高(D_(36)) 3个种植密度,分析棉花不同生育时期叶面积指数(LAI)、群体生长率(CGR)、棉铃生长率(BGR)、净同化率(NAR)以及产量、灌溉水分利用效率(IWUE)等变化。结果表明,与I_(500)相比, I_(425)将LAI到达顶峰的时间推迟至盛铃期并延缓了盛铃期以后的叶片衰老,显著提高了盛花期至吐絮期NAR,在不显著降低籽棉产量的前提下,提高了IWUE。在I_(500)条件下, LAI、CGR、BGR、NAR、总生物量(TDW)、铃生物量(BDW)、总铃数(BN)、生殖器官与营养器官质量的比例(RVR)均以D_(24)较高, D_(12)最低; I_(425)条件下,上述参数均以D_(36)最高。籽棉产量以 I_(500)D_(24)、I_(425)D_(36)较高, IWUE则以I_(425)D_(36)较高。相关分析表明,籽棉产量和IWUE与BN、RVR呈显著正相关, IWUE与NAR呈显著正相关。表明盛花期至盛铃期较快的群体生长速率、较强的物质生产能力以及较多的干物质持续向棉铃的供应,是I_(425)D_(36)提高产量的重要原因。
英文摘要	Water shortage is one of the major constraints in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in north-western China. A field experiment was conducted using high-yielding cotton cultivars Xinluzao 45, with two drip irrigation patterns including conventional drip irrigation (I_(500)) and limited drip irrigation (I_(425)), and three planting densities of 12104 (D_(12)), 24104 (D_(24)), 36*104 (D_(36)). Leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), boll growth rate (BGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were determined. The results showed that, compared with I_(500), I_(425) postponed getting peak LAI and alleviated the leaf senescence after full boll stage, and increased the NAR from full flowering stage to boll opening stage significantly, which increased IWUE, on the premise of non-significant changes in seed yield. The effects of plant density on growth parameters, dry matter accumulation and yield components depended on irrigation patterns. In the treatment of I_(500), LAI, CGR, BGR, total dry matter weight (TDW), boll dry matter weight (BDW), boll number per area (BN) and the mass ratio of reproductive organs and vegetative organs were the maximum observed under D_(24), and the minimum under D_(12). In the treatment of I_(425), all of the above parameters significantly increased with increasing planting density, and achieved the maximum under D_(36). Finally, I_(425)D_(36) and I_(500)D_(24) had the highest seed yield resulting from the increase of boll number per area. The seed yield and IWUE had significantly positive correlation with BN and RVR. There was a significantly positive correlation between IWUE and NAR. The reason that I_(425)D_(36) enhanced the yield is the large crop growth rate, capability of dry matter production, and transportation to successive dry matter to boll from full flowering stage to full boll stage.
中文关键词	棉花 ; 滴灌模式 ; 种植密度 ; 生长参数 ; 产量
英文关键词	Cotton Drip irrigation pattern Planting density Growth parameters Yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5808851
来源机构	石河子大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235596
作者单位	石河子大学农学院, 新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	牛玉萍,陈宗奎,杨林川,等. 干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响[J]. 石河子大学,2016,42(10):1506-1515.
APA	牛玉萍,陈宗奎,杨林川,罗宏海,&张旺锋.(2016).干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响.作物学报,42(10),1506-1515.
MLA	牛玉萍,et al."干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响".作物学报 42.10(2016):1506-1515.