干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近50 a塔里木河流域四源农业用水与干流生态系统结构变化关系研究

Arid

	近50 a塔里木河流域四源农业用水与干流生态系统结构变化关系研究
其他题名	Analysis on the Relationship between AgricultureWater Consumption of Four Source Rivers and the Change of Ecosystem Structure of the Mainstream in Tarim River Basin in Recent 50 Years
	孟凡浩; 古丽·加帕尔; 包安明; 郭辉; 罗敏; 刘铁
来源期刊	自然资源学报
ISSN	1000-3037
出版年	2016
卷号	31 期号:11 页码:1832-1843
中文摘要	塔里木河源流区农业用水量直接影响下放至干流的水量,从而间接影响干流区生态系统结构的稳定性。为此,研究基于农业水足迹反映农业用水变化情况,进而分析塔里木河流域四源农业用水与干流生态系统结构变化的关系,为后续维护干流生态系统结构稳定性决策提供科学参考依据。结果表明:1960年代1990年塔里木河四源农用地总量变化不大,阿克苏河流域新开垦量与叶尔羌河流域减少量相当,农业水足迹同时呈缓慢小幅增长,干流生态系统结构变化以自然绿洲生态系统缩小和荒漠生态系统扩张为主;以2000年为分界点,2000年之前四源农用地和农业水足迹显著增加,导致干流生态系统中自然水域生态系统、自然绿洲生态系统和荒漠生态系统皆有不同程度的萎缩,四源农业用水消耗是干流生态系统恶化的直接原因;2000年之后在生态治理工程的影响下,虽然四源农用地和总农业水足迹在持续增加,但是节水工程年均节约近27.22*10~8m3,保证了下游生态系统的需水量,使其得到一定恢复。
英文摘要	The agricultural water consumption in the source area of Tarim River is related to the water discharge of the mainstream, and indirectly influences the ecological stability in the basin. To know the situation of farmland expansion and water consumption in the Four Source Rivers regions, the area change, the expansion rate of farmland and the agricultural water footprint in this region during 1960s-2013 were analyzed, and the relations between them were investigated. The results indicated that: 1) Since the newly developed area of farmland in Aksu River Basin was almost equivalent to the reduction of farmland in Yarkant River Basin, the agricultural land in Four Source Rivers regions was stable during 1960s-1990. However, the agricultural water footprint increased slowly during this period. As a result, the ecosystem structure in the mainstream area changed. The desert expanded, and the oases shrank. 2) The year of 2000 was a dividing point. Both the agricultural land area and the agricultural water footprint in source areas of the Tarim River Basin were increased before 2000. As a result, the natural aquatic ecosystem, oasis ecosystem and desert ecosystem shrank in varying degrees. Excess consumption of agricultural water in source areas of the Tarim River Basin was the direct reason of ecosystem deterioration in the mainstream area of Tarim River. 3) Although the farmland area and the agricultural water footprint in source areas of the Tarim River Basin continued to grow after 2000, the ecosystems along the Tarim River were recovered because of water-saving projects, which saved nearly 2.722 billion m~3 of water annually and ensured the water demand of ecosystems in the mainstream area of Tarim River.
中文关键词	塔里木河流域 ; 农用地 ; 农业水足迹 ; 生态系统结构
英文关键词	Tarim River Basin farmland agricultural water footprint ecosystem structure
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS POLICY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5859247
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235590
作者单位	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孟凡浩,古丽·加帕尔,包安明,等. 近50 a塔里木河流域四源农业用水与干流生态系统结构变化关系研究[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2016,31(11):1832-1843.
APA	孟凡浩,古丽·加帕尔,包安明,郭辉,罗敏,&刘铁.(2016).近50 a塔里木河流域四源农业用水与干流生态系统结构变化关系研究.自然资源学报,31(11),1832-1843.
MLA	孟凡浩,et al."近50 a塔里木河流域四源农业用水与干流生态系统结构变化关系研究".自然资源学报 31.11(2016):1832-1843.