干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱-半干旱地区深层渗漏研究方法综述

Arid

	干旱-半干旱地区深层渗漏研究方法综述
其他题名	Review on the methods to determine deep percolation in arid and semi-arid areas
	段良霞; 黄明斌
来源期刊	中国水土保持科学
ISSN	1672-3007
出版年	2016
卷号	14 期号:2 页码:155-162
中文摘要	深层渗漏(D_P)是水文循环的重要环节,准确评价D_P对于分析水文循环规律,合理制定水资源规划和地下水可持续利用具有重大意义,尤其是在水资源短缺的干旱-半干早地区,开展该项研究更具价值。目前,干旱-半干旱地区D_P的评价方法主要有经验方法、物理方法、示踪方法和数值模拟方法。由于经验系数需要校正,因而经验方法应用到其他区域受到限制;物理方法又可分为蒸渗仪法、土壤水分通量法、水量平衡法、达西方法以及地下水位动态监测法;示踪方法主要从示踪剂的峰值、剖面形状和总含量来计算D_P,此方法不是对D_P的直接测定,且没有考虑示踪剂的空间变异;数值模拟理论上可对各种条件下的D_P进行模拟和预测,但获取参数的难度较大。针对各方法存在的优缺点,将现有评价方法相结合,相互验证,可提高模拟精度;鉴于D_P的时空变异性,将现有方法与GIS等新技术集成,可评价大尺度D_P的空间异质性;同时,进行长时间序列的野外观测,既可直接获取D_P的动态信息,也可为各方法参数的获取提供数据支持。
英文摘要	[Background] Deep percolation (D_P) is termed as the movement of water from soil surface to sufficient depths, usually below the root zone. It generally occurs when infiltrated water exceeds the storage capacity of the soil and plays an vital role in hydrologic cycle. Accurate evaluation of the deep percolation is crucial to analyze the processes of the hydrologic cycle. Furthermore, deep percolation is pivotal for the management and rational development of groundwater resources, especially in arid and semi-arid regions where water resources is deficient. [Methods] This paper reviews several approaches to assess deep percolation in arid and semi-arid regions, i.e., empirical, physical, tracer, and numerical modelling. [Results] The principle, applicability, merits and drawbacks of the above-mentioned four approaches are commented. Due to the empirical coefficient requires calibration, the empirical approach is limited while it is applied in the other regions. Physical approach includes lysimeter method, soil water flux method, water balance method, Darcy method, and underground water-table fluctuation method. The tracer approach is used to estimate deep percolation by the identification of peak value, profile shape, and the amount of tracers, but this approach cannot directly measure the deep percolation; moreover, the spatial variation in tracers is not considered in it. Theoretically, the approach of numerical modelling can be used to estimate and predict the deep percolation under any circumstance. Nevertheless, it is difficult to obtain the parameters that is necessary for the numerical modelling. [Conclusions] Considering the advantages and disadvantages of each method, the integration of existing evaluation methods and mutual verification of them can improve the precision of the simulation. Due to the spatial and temporal variability of D_P, the integration of existing methods and GIS may evaluate the spatial heterogeneity of D_P at large scale. Simultaniously, long-term series of field observation may not only acquire the dynamic information of D_P, but also provide the data support for the parameters of each approach.
中文关键词	深层渗漏 ; 经验方法 ; 物理方法 ; 示踪方法 ; 数值模拟方法
英文关键词	deep percolation empirical methods physical methods tracer methods numerical modelling methods
类型	Review
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5703618
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235499
作者单位	段良霞, 西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 黄明斌, 西北农林科技大学, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	段良霞,黄明斌. 干旱-半干旱地区深层渗漏研究方法综述[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2016,14(2):155-162.
APA	段良霞,&黄明斌.(2016).干旱-半干旱地区深层渗漏研究方法综述.中国水土保持科学,14(2),155-162.
MLA	段良霞,et al."干旱-半干旱地区深层渗漏研究方法综述".中国水土保持科学 14.2(2016):155-162.