干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 陕北黄土区不同地形自然恢复的植物多样性

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	陕北黄土区不同地形自然恢复的植物多样性
其他题名	Plant diversity with natural recovery on different topographies in north Shaanxi loess area
	陈文思 1; 朱清科 1; 卢纪元 1; 李镇 1; 艾宁 1; 于长城 2
来源期刊	中国水土保持科学
ISSN	1672-3007
出版年	2016
卷号	14 期号:2 页码:103-110
中文摘要	以陕北吴旗县自然恢复15年的合沟流域为例,探究植被在自然恢复过程中的群落结构和植物多样性特征,为半干旱黄土区人工林草植被构建提供科学依据。实验采用样方法,从地貌部位、坡向及坡度3个方面对研究区植物群落结构和植物多样性进行调查分析。结果表明:1)合沟流域自然恢复15年后仍以草本群落为主,地带性植被类型是铁杆蒿+长芒草群落;2)先锋乔木和灌木已经出现在沟底和切沟、塌陷地、缓台等土壤水分条件较好的坡面微地形中;3)植物多样性在地貌部位上从大到小的顺序依次是梁峁坡、梁峁顶、沟坡和沟底,随坡向的大小顺序是阴坡>半阳坡>半阴坡>阳坡,随坡度的增大呈现先减小后增大再减小的"S"形变化,在32°处取得最大值。建议在人工植被建设的过程中,沟底和水分条件好的坡面微地形可以适当配置乔木和灌木,而阳坡陡坡以保护和恢复草本植物为主。
英文摘要	[Background] The characteristic of the plant community structure and the plant diversity in the course of natural restoration of vegetation is a scientific basis to construct artificial vegetation in semi-arid loess area of northern Shaanxi, which is the typical fragile ecological region.[Methods] The paper explored what was the influence mechanism of the topography on natural vegetation in this region, for Hegou watershed in Wuqi County of Shaanxi Province as an example. Based on the vegetation survey in 50 sampling plots, the community structure and the plant diversity were analyzed from three aspects of landform, slope and gradient. [Results] The results showed that the plant community was still mainly herbaceous and the zonal vegetation type was Artemisia sacrorum+Stipa bungeana communities in this watershed, which had been fenced for 15 years. Not only were there Populus simonii and Salix matsudana on gully bottom, but there were also three trees of P. simonii, Ulmus pumila and Ameniaca sibirica and six shrubs of Buddleja alternifolia, Prinsepia utilis, Spiraea trilobata, Caragana korshinskii, Caragana microphylla and Periploca sepium on some micro-topographies of slope aspect with favorable water condition, i.e., gully, collapse and platform. On different landforms, the order of the richness index was valley slope > gully slope > top valley > gully bottom; that of the diversity index was valley slope > top valley > gully slope > gully bottom; and that of the evenness index diminished from top to bottom. On different slopes, both the diversity and evenness indices were in the same order of size, i.e., shady slope > semi-sunny slope > semi-shady slope > sunny slope, but the richness index was in the order of semi-shady slope > semi-sunny slope > shady slope > sunny slope. Moreover, with the increase of gradient, the richness index decreased gradually, and the evenness and diversity indices were both of "S" types, and its maximum value was at 32° of gradient. [Conclusions]Therefore, in summary, in the process of artificial vegetation of restoration and reconstruction in this region, we should figure reasonable vegetation layout according to the differences of the restoration ability of natural vegetation on different terrains. In order to enrich the structure and optimize the ecological function of the plant community, the appropriate proportion of trees or shrubs could be configured on gully bottom and some micro-topographies of slope aspect, in where water condition meets the need of trees and shrubs. But on sunny slope, especially the steep slope, it should be the first task to protect and restore the herbaceous community. In addition, to speed up the process of vegetation restoration in the loess area of northern Shaanxi, some positive trees or shrubs should be properly distributed based on artificial measures, such as fish scale pit of collecting water or level bench of reducing gradient.
中文关键词	地貌部位 ; 坡向 ; 坡度 ; 植物多样性 ; 半干旱区
英文关键词	landform slope gradient plant diversity semi-arid region
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5703612
来源机构	北京林业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235496
作者单位	1.北京林业大学水土保持学院, 水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083, 中国; 2.内蒙古巴彦淖尔市乌拉特前旗园林局, 巴彦淖尔, 内蒙古 014400, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈文思,朱清科,卢纪元,等. 陕北黄土区不同地形自然恢复的植物多样性[J]. 北京林业大学,2016,14(2):103-110.
APA	陈文思,朱清科,卢纪元,李镇,艾宁,&于长城.(2016).陕北黄土区不同地形自然恢复的植物多样性.中国水土保持科学,14(2),103-110.
MLA	陈文思,et al."陕北黄土区不同地形自然恢复的植物多样性".中国水土保持科学 14.2(2016):103-110.