干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同生育阶段受旱对旱区夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响

Arid

	不同生育阶段受旱对旱区夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Water Stresses at Different Growth Stages on Development and Yields of Summer Maize in Arid Region
	宋利兵 1; 姚宁 1; 冯浩 2; 白江平 3; 吴淑芳 1; 何建强 1
来源期刊	玉米科学
ISSN	1005-0906
出版年	2016
卷号	24 期号:1 页码:63-73
中文摘要	2013和2014年在陕西杨凌进行田间控水试验,试验设置两个灌溉水平,每个灌溉水平下设置4种受旱处理,以全生育期均灌水为对照,分析不同生育时期受旱条件下夏玉米的株高、叶面积、生物量和产量等生理生态指标的变化特征以及蒸散量和水分利用效率的变化规律。结果表明,不同的灌水水平与受旱时段对夏玉米的产量有明显的交互作用,拔节前受旱会使最终产量偏低,且低灌水处理产量低于高灌水处理;在抽雄期受旱会明显减少穗粒数,但在同一灌水水平下产量最高;灌浆期受旱不仅明显减小了百粒重导致减产,而且蒸散量偏大,导致水分利用效率降低。因此,灌水水平较低时,应尽量避免玉米营养生长阶段(出苗和拔节)受旱;灌水水平较高时,可选择在苗期适度亏水,并避免灌浆期受旱。
英文摘要	A water control experiment was carried out under rainout shelter in the growth seasons of 2013 and2014 inYanling, Shaanxi Province. The dynamic changes of several eco-physiological indicators of maize growth were measured and analyzed, including height, leaf area index(LAI), biomass, and grain yield. Irrigations were applied on three stages while keeping one stage dry, i.e. four scenarios of water stress were designed during each growth season. There were two irrigation levels, an extra treatment with irrigations at all four stages was arranged nearby. The results showed that different irrigation levels and water stress stages had strong interactions on grain yield of summer maize. Grain yield was relatively low when there was water stress before jointing. Water stress at tasseling remarkably reduced grain number per ear, but the grain yield was the highest among the treatments with the same irrigation level. Water stress at grain filling stage not only obviously reduced hundred-kernel weight and grain yield, but also decreased water use efficiency of summer. In general, water stress should be avoided at the vegetative growth stages when under a lower irrigation level. However, when under a higher irrigation level, limited irrigation could be applied at the seedling stage but water stress should be avoided at the grain filling stage.
中文关键词	夏玉米 ; 水分胁迫 ; 生育阶段 ; 生物量 ; 产量
英文关键词	Summer maize Water stress Growth stage Biomass Yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5645916
来源机构	甘肃农业大学 ; 西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235266
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 3.甘肃农业大学, 甘肃省作物遗传改良与种质创新重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	宋利兵,姚宁,冯浩,等. 不同生育阶段受旱对旱区夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 甘肃农业大学, 西北农林科技大学,2016,24(1):63-73.
APA	宋利兵,姚宁,冯浩,白江平,吴淑芳,&何建强.(2016).不同生育阶段受旱对旱区夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响.玉米科学,24(1),63-73.
MLA	宋利兵,et al."不同生育阶段受旱对旱区夏玉米生长发育和产量的影响".玉米科学 24.1(2016):63-73.