干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 高效氮肥对新疆膜下滴灌棉田土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响

Arid

	高效氮肥对新疆膜下滴灌棉田土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响
其他题名	Effects of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen fertilizers on nitrous oxide emissions from cotton field under plastic mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang,China
	马志雯 1; 高霄鹏 1; 桂东伟 1; 匡文浓 1; 王西和 2; 刘骅 2
来源期刊	应用生态学报
ISSN	1001-9332
出版年	2016
卷号	27 期号:12 页码:3961-3968
中文摘要	高效氮肥对新疆灰漠土农田氧化亚氮(N_2O)排放的影响目前尚不明确.本研究选取树脂包膜尿素(ESN)和尿素配施脲酶抑制剂和硝化抑制剂(U+I)两种高效氮肥处理,以传统尿素(U)处理为对照,研究高效氮肥对新疆膜下滴灌棉田N_2O排放的影响.ESN在播种时一次性施入,而其他处理的氮肥在生育期内随灌溉分次施入.在生育期内,采用静态箱-气相色谱法每周采集和分析2次气体样品.结果表明:与其他处理相比,ESN处理显著增加了生育期间土壤N_2O的排放量,增幅47%~73%;在施肥后的4个月内,ESN处理下的土壤铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)和硝态氮(NO_3~--N)含量始终处于较高水平,随后则逐渐减小并与其他处理的含量相近.ESN在播种时全部施入可能是导致土壤高NH_4~+-N和NO_3~--N含量以及高N_2O排放量的原因.与U处理相比,U+I处理减少了9.9%的N_2O排放量,但两者间差异不显著; U+I处理NO_3~--N含量始终低于ESN和U处理.新疆灰漠土膜下滴灌棉田生育期土壤的N_2 O排放为300 ~ 500 g N_2O-N·hm~(-2),整体低于其他农田生态系统.与播种前全部施入相比,氮肥随滴灌多次施入更利于降低N_2O排放.本试验条件下,高效氮肥对干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤N_2O的减排效应有限.
英文摘要	The effect of enhanced-efficiency nitrogen (N) fertilizers on emissions of nitrous oxide (N_2O) from the grey desert agricultural soils of Xinjiang is uncertain. In this study,the enhancedefficiency fertilizers,polymer-coated urea (ESN),and stabilized urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors (U+I) were compared to conventional urea (U) for N_2 O emissions from cotton under plastic mulch drip irrigation near Urumqi,Xinjiang. ESN was added once at planting but the other treatments were added multiple times with drip irrigation during the growing season. Gas samples were collected and analyzed twice per week during the growing season,using the static chamberchromatography methodology. The results showed that generally,ESN significantly increased soil cumulative N_2O emissions during the growing season by 47%-73% compared to other treatments. In the first four months after fertilization,soil ammonium (NH_4~+-N) and nitrate (NO_3~--N) concentrations under ESN treatment were generally higher than under other treatments. Thereafter,NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N concentrations under all treatments gradually decreased to similar levels. ESN all added at planting was likely responsible for high NH_4~+-N and NO_3~--N concentrations and highest N_2O emissions. The U+I treatment reduced soil N_2O emission by 9.9% in comparison with U,whereas the difference was not statistically significant. In addition,soil NO_3~--N contents of the U+I treatments were generally lower than those of the ESN and the U treatments. The cumulative N_2O emissions over the growing season ranged from 300 to 500 g N_2O-N·hm~(-2),generally lower than emissions reported for other agricultural ecosystems. Drip irrigation successfully kept moisture conditions below levels for appreciable N_2O emissions. Multiple applications of N via drip irrigation seemed to be effective to lower emissions than all N applied at planting. Therefore,for cotton field under plastic mulch drip irrigation in arid land of Northwest China,the benefit of enhanced efficiency N fertilizers on N_2O mitigation is limited.
中文关键词	干旱区 ; 控释肥 ; 棉田 ; 灰漠土 ; 脲酶抑制剂 ; 硝化抑制剂 ; 氧化亚氮 ; 膜下滴灌
英文关键词	arid land controlled-release fertilizer cotton field desert soil urease inhibitor nitrification inhibitor nitrous oxide plastic mulch drip irrigation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	BIOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5882521
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235262
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室;;新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站;;中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,绿洲养分与水土资源高效利用重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830091, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	马志雯,高霄鹏,桂东伟,等. 高效氮肥对新疆膜下滴灌棉田土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2016,27(12):3961-3968.
APA	马志雯,高霄鹏,桂东伟,匡文浓,王西和,&刘骅.(2016).高效氮肥对新疆膜下滴灌棉田土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响.应用生态学报,27(12),3961-3968.
MLA	马志雯,et al."高效氮肥对新疆膜下滴灌棉田土壤氧化亚氮排放的影响".应用生态学报 27.12(2016):3961-3968.