干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 内蒙古西部旱区机采棉膜下滴灌水氮耦合效应

Arid

	内蒙古西部旱区机采棉膜下滴灌水氮耦合效应
其他题名	Coupling effect of water and nitrogen on mechanically harvested cotton with drip irrigation under plastic film in arid area of western Inner Mongolia,China
	李勇 1; 王峰 1; 孙景生 1; 刘浩 1; 杨建强 2; 咸丰 3; 苏和 2
来源期刊	应用生态学报
ISSN	1001-9332
出版年	2016
卷号	27 期号:3 页码:845-854
中文摘要	为探明内蒙古西部旱区机采棉膜下滴灌水氮耦合对棉花生长发育、产量、品质,以及水分与氮素利用效率的影响,在内蒙古阿拉善盟阿拉善左旗,设置3种灌溉定额(216、288、 360 mm,分别记为W_1、W_2、W_3)和3种施氮水平(127.5、195、262.5 kg·hm~(-2),分别记为N_1、 N_2、N_3)的完全组合处理,进行了大田棉花膜下滴灌试验.结果表明:水分是膜下滴灌棉花生长的决定因素,增加灌水量可以促进棉花株高增加,提高棉花各部分干物质积累量,但降低生殖器官与地上部干物质比例.W_3处理单株成铃数较W_1和W_2分别提高25.4%和17.5%,单铃质量分别降低5.8%和4.6%,籽棉产量分别增加18.1%和11.9%;单株成铃数提高是籽棉产量增加的主要因素.水氮调控对籽棉产量的互作效应显著,W_1与W_2灌水量下N_1处理籽棉产量最高; W_3灌水量下N_2处理较N_1、N_3籽棉产量分别增加8.5%和31.9%.水氮调控对纤维品质整体无显著影响.W_1N_1处理水分利用效率最高,为1.37 kg·m~(-3),与W_3N_2处理差异不显著; W_3N_1处理氮肥偏生产力最高,为51.35 kg·kg~(-1).在本试验条件下,灌水增产效应显著,施氮则在水分充足条件下对籽棉产量形成有促进作用.其中,灌水360 mm、施氮195 kg·hm~(-2)处理显著促进地上部干物质积累,籽棉产量最高,水分利用效率和氮肥偏生产力分别达1.30 kg·m~(-3)和36.41 kg·kg~(-1),节水增产效果显著,是内蒙西部旱区较理想的机采棉水氮调控模式.
英文摘要	In order to understand the main and interactive effects of water and nitrogen on crop growth and development,yield,fiber quality,and water-nitrogen use efficiency of mechanically harvested cotton with drip irrigation under plastic film in arid area of western Inner Mongolia,a twofactorial experiment with irrigation water amount and nitrogen dosage in completely randomized block design was conducted in Alxa Left Banner of Alxa League in Inner Mongolia. The levels of water irrigation were 216 mm (W_1), 288 mm (W_2) and 360 mm (W_3), and the nitrogen dosages were 127.5 kg·hm~(-2) (N_1), 195 kg·hm~(-2) (N_2) and 262.5 kg·hm~(-2) (N_3). The results showed that water was the decisive factor for cotton growth,and plant height and dry matter accumulation increased rapidly with increasing the water irrigation level,but the ratio of reproductive organs to shoot biomass decreased. Compared with the treatments W_1 and W_2,the average boll number per plant in W_3 was increased by 25.4% and 17.5%,the seed cotton yield was improved by 18.1% and 11.9%,but the single boll mass was decreased by 5.8% and 4.6%,respectively. It indicated that an increase in boll number per plant was the determining factor in achieving high seed cotton yield. Moreover,there was also a significant interactive effect between water and nitrogen affecting the seed cotton yield. Under the condition with low-level irrigation (W_1 and W_2), the highest seed cotton yield was measured in N_1; while for the condition in W_3,the seed cotton yield in N_2 was greater than that in N_1 and N_3 by 8.5% and 31.9%,respectively. In general,the regulation of water and nitrogen had no significant effect on fiber quality. Water use efficiency in W_1N_1 was 1.37 kg·m~(-3), which was not significantly different with the value in W_3N_2,and the nitrogen partial factor productivity in W_3N_1 was the maximum (51.35 kg·kg~(-1)). Therefore,irrigation had a significant effect on yield increasing,but nitrogen application promoted the seed cotton yield only under well-watered conditions. The treatment with irrigation amount of 360 mm and nitrogen fertilizer of 195 kg·hm~(-2) could promote the shoot biomass accumulation significantly and achieve the highest seed cotton yield,and its water use efficiency and nitrogen partial factor productivity were 1.37 kg·m~(-3) and 36.41 kg·kg~(-1),respectively,indicating the potential of water-saving and yield increasing. Therefore, it was recommended as a suitable water and nitrogen management for the mechanically harvested cotton in arid area of western Inner Mongolia.
中文关键词	机采棉 ; 水氮调控 ; 籽棉产量 ; 纤维品质 ; 水分利用效率 ; 氮肥偏生产力
英文关键词	mechanically harvested cotton water and nitrogen regulation seed cotton yield fiber quality water use efficiency nitrogen partial factor productivity
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5661514
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235239
作者单位	1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所, 农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室, 新乡, 河南 453003, 中国; 2.阿拉善盟农业技术推广中心, 阿拉善, 内蒙古 750306, 中国; 3.内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010031, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李勇,王峰,孙景生,等. 内蒙古西部旱区机采棉膜下滴灌水氮耦合效应[J],2016,27(3):845-854.
APA	李勇.,王峰.,孙景生.,刘浩.,杨建强.,...&苏和.(2016).内蒙古西部旱区机采棉膜下滴灌水氮耦合效应.应用生态学报,27(3),845-854.
MLA	李勇,et al."内蒙古西部旱区机采棉膜下滴灌水氮耦合效应".应用生态学报 27.3(2016):845-854.