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	短命植物角茴香的开花物候与生殖特征
其他题名	The Flowering Phenology and Reproductive Features of the Ephemeral Plant Hypecoum erectum L
	杨姗霖 1; 周永萍 2; 施翔 1; 孟凡翔 3; 刘家书 1; 董金鑫 1
来源期刊	西北植物学报
ISSN	1000-4025
出版年	2016
卷号	36 期号:9 页码:1855-1863
中文摘要	为了研究角茴香的开花物候特征及其对生殖成功的影响,于2015年对其自然种群各水平的开花物候指数、开花过程中的花部特征变化和结实特性进行了观察和统计。结果表明:(1)角茴香种群花期为4月下旬至5月下旬,种群水平的花期持续时间为36 d.(2)单花具有独特的花瓣结构,其内层花瓣由白色的侧裂片和黄色的兜状中裂片构成,中裂片是角茴香植物花粉二次呈现的关键功能器官;开花进程依其外层花瓣开裂大小可分为4个阶段,即外层花瓣顶端未张口、外层花瓣顶端张口5~7 mm、外层花瓣顶端张口12~14mm和外层花瓣顶端张口3~ 5mm。(3)花序水平的开花振幅曲线呈渐进式单峰曲线,开花同步指数为0.748,个体水平表现出较高的相对开花强度,其分布频度的偏斜率为0.45,主要频度范围分别集中在20%~30%和50%~70%之间。(4)花序水平的始花日期与花期持续时间存在显著负相关关系,开花数与座果数存在显著正相关关系。(5)自然状态下,角茴香结实率和结籽率分别是82.7%0.1%和93.6%0.8%。角茴香开花强度分布频度上出现的高、低强度的分异趋势是吸引传粉者、促进结实的有效生殖对策。
英文摘要	Flowering phenology is considered as an important fitness factor because it plays a crucial role in reproductive success.Hypecoum erectum is an ephemeral psammophyte with fragmented distribution in the Gurrbantuggut Desert of Xinjiang,China.Our aim is to investigate the flowering phenology of H. erectumand to better understand its reproductive features.The study was conducted in Cainan oil field which is located at the southern edge of the Gurbantunggut Desert.We selected 30 H.erectumindividuals with more or less height and crown diameters in the wild population and randomly marked three inflorescences on each individual and observed them from April to June in 2015.We observed the flowering course of each individual including the first flowering date,duration,mean flowering amplitude and last flowering date and then calculated relative flowering intensity and synchrony indices.We also analyzed relationships between first flowering date,median date,duration,last flowering date,flowering amplitude and flowering synchrony,the correlation matrix between first flowering date and duration,flower number and fruit set.According to the external petal opening situation and dehiscence,the typical single flowering process for a flower can be divided into four stage,we observed the four stage of single flower including external petal color changes,the relative position of the median lobe and anthers,the pollen quantity changes in median lobe,the relative position of the stigma and anthers,the relative position of the median lobe and stigma,stigma dehiscence,and the situation of anther dehiscence.The results showed that:(1)The flowering span of the population and individual was approximately 36d and 16d from the late April to late May.(2)The flower numbers of the individual and inflorescence was approximately 10760 and 104. The single flowering span can be divided into four stages based on the dehiscence situation of the outer petals and stigma.The single flower of H.erectumhas delicate petal structure with double petals.The inner petals are composed of a median lobe and a lateral lobe.Each flower has four anthers.H.erectumexhibits amass-floweringpattern.(3)The synchrony index was 0.748.The relative flowering intensity had two major peaks from 20%to 30%and from 50%to 70%and the skewness was 0.45.(4)Correlation analysis among the first flowering date,flowering duration,flower number,and fruit number showed that there was significant negative correlation between first flowering date and flowering duration,and there was significant positive correlation between flower number and fruit number.(5)In the natural treatment,the percent fruit set was 82.7%0.1%and the percent seed set was 93.6%0.8%.The two major peaks in relative flowering intensity may be a strategy to attract pollinators and increase the number of seeds to ensure reproductive success.
中文关键词	角茴香 ; 开花物候 ; 开花振幅 ; 相对开花强度 ; 生殖特征
英文关键词	Hypecoum erectum L. flowering phenology flowering amplitude relative flowering intensity reproductive features
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5822467
来源机构	石河子大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235159
作者单位	1.石河子大学农学院, 石河子, 新疆 832000, 中国; 2.河北农林科学院棉花研究所, 石家庄, 河北 050051, 中国; 3.石河子大学生命科学学院, 石河子, 新疆 832011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨姗霖,周永萍,施翔,等. 短命植物角茴香的开花物候与生殖特征[J]. 石河子大学,2016,36(9):1855-1863.
APA	杨姗霖,周永萍,施翔,孟凡翔,刘家书,&董金鑫.(2016).短命植物角茴香的开花物候与生殖特征.西北植物学报,36(9),1855-1863.
MLA	杨姗霖,et al."短命植物角茴香的开花物候与生殖特征".西北植物学报 36.9(2016):1855-1863.