干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响

Arid

	不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Drip Irrigation Amount on Root Spatial and Temporal Distribution, Water Use Efficiency and Yield in Spring Wheat
	张伟 1; 李鲁华 1; 吕新 2
来源期刊	西北农业学报
ISSN	1004-1389
出版年	2016
卷号	25 期号:3 页码:361-371
中文摘要	为明确新疆干旱区滴灌春小麦不同灌水量对小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响,以’新春19号’为材料,利用田间定位试验研究4个灌水量处理(W_0:0 m~3/hm~2、W_1:1 500 m~3/hm~2、W_2:4 500 m~3/hm~2、W_(ck):对照3 750 m~3/hm~2)于拔节期、抽穗期、开花期及成熟期对小麦根系根长密度、根体积、根质量等在0~100 cm土层的垂直分布、动态变化及对产量构成因素和产量的影响。结果表明:开花期土壤含水量最低,小麦耗水量最大;0~20 cm是各处理根量值(根质量、根体积、根长密度)的最大层,也是根系活动最为旺盛的区域;土壤水分适宜(W_(ck))时,表层根量增加;水分过多会导致根系生长受抑(W_2),促使根系活力下降,根系衰亡提前,影响水分的吸收,最终导致水分利用率最低且产量下降;水分亏缺(W_1)虽然在一定程度上促进深层根量的增加,有助于干旱条件下小麦根系利用深层土壤的水分和提高水分利用效率,但却造成较低的产量;土壤水分严重缺乏(W_0),根系吸水困难,对表层土壤根系数量的增加不利,也会导致减产。可见,在水资源相对充沛条件下滴灌小麦采用W_(ck)处理更有利于实现节水和高产的统一。
英文摘要	Field experiment was conducted to explore the spatial and temporal distribution of wheat roots, water use efficiency and yield in spring wheat under drip irrigation in the arid region of Xinjiang. The spring wheat cultivar ’Xinchun 19’ was used as test material. There were four irrigation amount treatments in the fixed field trail, including no irrigation(W_0), 1 500(W_1),4 500 (W_2) and 3 750 m~3/hm~2(W_(ck)). The experiment measured the vertical distribution and dynamic change of root length density, root volume, root mass of wheat in 0-100 cm soil depth at jointing stage, heading stage, flowering period and mature period. The result showed that there was the lowest soil moisture content and highest water consumption of wheat root during flowering period. The largest amount of roots (i.e., root mass,root length density and root volume) was detected at 0-20 cm depth range which was also the most active region for wheat root system. Total amount of root system in the surface layer was increased in the appropriate soil moisture (at W_(ck) treatment). But excessive water (at W_2 treatment) inhibited the growth of root systems, reduced the root activity and the absorption amount of water, water use efficiency and yield for wheat. Although low irrigation amount (at W_1 treatment) increased total amount of root at deep layer of soil and contributed to using deep soil moisture for wheat and enhancing water use efficiency under dry conditions, the wheat yield was lower. An acute shortage of water (at W_0 treatment) caused hard water absorption, root number decreasing at surface layer of soil and resulted in yield loss. Therefore, it is better to use water applied at W_(ck) treatment under the condition of abundant water resources, considering the balance of water saving and high yield.
中文关键词	不同灌水量 ; 春小麦 ; 根系时空分布 ; 水分利用率 ; 产量
英文关键词	Drip irrigation amount Spring wheat Root distribution Water use efficiency Yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5659600
来源机构	石河子大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235144
作者单位	1.石河子大学农学院农学系耕作教研室, 新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国; 2.新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张伟,李鲁华,吕新. 不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响[J]. 石河子大学,2016,25(3):361-371.
APA	张伟,李鲁华,&吕新.(2016).不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响.西北农业学报,25(3),361-371.
MLA	张伟,et al."不同灌水量对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布、水分利用率及产量的影响".西北农业学报 25.3(2016):361-371.