干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 砒砂岩区排土场新构土体保水效应研究

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	砒砂岩区排土场新构土体保水效应研究
其他题名	Study on the Water Retention Effect of Earth Disposal Sites Soil Reconstruction in Soft Sandstone Region
	任志胜 1; 申卫博 2; 解倩 1; 王彤彤 1; 郑纪勇 2; 张兴昌 2
来源期刊	土壤学报
ISSN	0564-3929
出版年	2016
卷号	53 期号:5 页码:1148-1159
中文摘要	以晋陕蒙露天煤矿区排土场为研究对象,利用土壤水分定位试验观测数据,研究了不同复配方式人工新构土体水分时空变化规律。结果表明:(1)排土场土体年内变化周期可分为雨季丰水期(7月10月)和旱季贫水期(11月翌年6月),土壤水分主要受自然降雨、蒸散、底层渗漏的影响;(2)与无防渗层土体相比,7月10月雨量丰沛期防渗层的水分蓄积作用明显,较对照高9.65%~13%,防渗层处理的土体底层体积含水量增加了21.6%,砒砂岩防渗层、工程防渗布在蓄积水分上并没有显著差异;(3)风化煤增加了表层土体蒸发损失,不利于土体的持水性的提高;砒砂岩增加了土体剖面持水能力,相对于沙黄土,复配土体0~30 cm层次土壤体积含水量增加约3.36%~9.57%,30~40 cm底层约增加11.16%~13.65%。综合来看,砒砂岩掺混显著增强了土体的持水蓄水能力,防渗层有效截留渗漏水分并持续供给土体,对涵养土壤水库有积极作用。
英文摘要	【Objective】The Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia adjacent region is one of the most important coal energy bases in China,and also one of those the most fragile in ecology. In recent years,the ecological system and the landform therein has been severely and widely destructed as a result of the environment of opencast coal mining,which has also triggered a series of ecological and safety crises. And then how to rapidly and effectively improve the reconstructed soil(especially in soil water holding capacity)on a large scale at overburden disposal sites formed during coal mining has become an important scientific problem to land reclamation and ecosystem restoration. At present,the soil in these sites has some main problems,that is, relatively thin in soil layer(less than 50 cm),and relatively coarse in texture,(over 70%,sands 0.02~2 mm in particle size),which means that the soil is rather low in water holding capacity. Besides,in the arid and semi-arid region,the precious soil moisture is mostly lost through evaporation and leakage. To save as much as possible soil water from evaporating and leaching,a series of measures are designed and adopted, such as incorporating soft sandstone,which contains about 30% of montmorillonite and weathered coal into the local sandy loess,and spread a layer of soft sandstone or a water-proof plastic sheet underneath the soil to prevent water leaching.【Method】In order to investigate dynamics of soil moisture content in reconstructed soils relative to composition pattern(sandy loess,soft sandstone,weathered coal)and impervious layer (soft sandstone or plastic sheet),an experiment was carried out,designed to have 6 treatments and 3 replicates for each treatment,making up a total of 18 experimental plots. 【Result】Results show as follows. (1)The overburden disposal sites are subject to a wet season(July-October)and a dry season(November-June)in a year as affected by the climate in the region,and natural rainfall,evapotranspiration and leaching are the main factors affecting the soil moisture content therein;(2)During the wet season when rainfall is rich,the effect of the existence of a impervious layer was significant,raising soil moisture content by 9.65%~13% in the soil body as a whole(p< 0.05,the same below)and by 21.6% in the bottom layer as compared with their respective treatments without the layer,but no significant difference was observed between the treatments with soft sandstone as impermeable layer and the treatments with plastic sheets in the effect. However,on the other hand,the existence of an impervious layer weakened temporal and spatial stability of soil moisture,especially in deep soil layers;(3)Incorporation of weathered coal increased soil water loss through surface evaporation,which is no good to improving soil water holding capacity,while incorporation of soft sandstone affected soil water holding capacity reversely. So in the practice,it still calls for further study on feasibility of the use of weathered coal as soil amendment from the view point of efficient utilization of water sources. Incorporation of soft sandstone increased soil water content by 3.36%~9.57% in the 0~30 cm layer and 11.16%~13.65% in the 30~40 cm layer. In addition,laying of an impervious layer is more effective than incorporation of soft sandstone and/or weathered coal in increasing water content of the artificial soils in the overburden disposal sites. 【Conclusion】To sum up,incorporation of soft sandstone significantly enhances the soil water retention and water holding capacity of the soil,and the impervious layer effectively controls soil water leaching and hence has a positive effect on soil holding water like a reservoir.
中文关键词	晋陕蒙矿区 ; 砒砂岩 ; 排土场 ; 新构土体 ; 土壤体积含水量
英文关键词	The Shanxi-Shaanxi-Inner Mongolia adjacent region Soft sandstone Earth disposal site Soil reconstruction Soil water content by volume
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5802473
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/235094
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	任志胜,申卫博,解倩,等. 砒砂岩区排土场新构土体保水效应研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2016,53(5):1148-1159.
APA	任志胜,申卫博,解倩,王彤彤,郑纪勇,&张兴昌.(2016).砒砂岩区排土场新构土体保水效应研究.土壤学报,53(5),1148-1159.
MLA	任志胜,et al."砒砂岩区排土场新构土体保水效应研究".土壤学报 53.5(2016):1148-1159.