干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆准噶尔盆地荒漠草地水源圈植物群落退化格局

Arid

	新疆准噶尔盆地荒漠草地水源圈植物群落退化格局
其他题名	Degradation pattern of desert steppe plant community around a piosphere in Junggar Basin of Xinjiang
	徐文轩 1; 连仲民 1; 徐婷 2; 杨维康 1; 吴珂 1
来源期刊	生态学杂志
ISSN	1000-4890
出版年	2016
卷号	35 期号:1 页码:104-110
中文摘要	游牧民定居放牧是目前主要的放牧方式,导致水源圈在中国北方干旱半干旱区草场上普遍存在。2014年5月底至6月初,在新疆北部荒漠草地上,以一个典型的牧场水源点为中心,在8个方向上设置50、100、200、400、800和1200 m共6个采样距离进行植物群落调查取样。通过分析植物群落的组成、物种重要值、丰富度以及群落的盖度、高度和地上生物量的变化特征,期望为荒漠草地退化生态系统的恢复和可持续管理提供科学依据。结果表明:随着与水源点距离的减少、放牧强度的增加,荒漠草地植物群落特征呈现明显梯度变化,建群植物博洛塔绢蒿优势度逐渐降低,1年生植物优势度逐渐增加;植物群落、多年生草本植物和1年生草本植物的物种丰富度逐渐增加;群落总盖度逐渐降低,与建群植物博洛塔绢蒿的盖度显著正相关。1年生植物和有毒植物骆驼蓬在水源点附近优势度增加,说明放牧导致水源点附近地上植物群落趋于退化。因此,在这一地区开展游牧民定居导致水源圈大量出现,可能加剧荒漠草地的退化。
英文摘要	As the primary mode of grassland utilization, settled grazing makes the piospheres widespread in arid and semi-arid grasslands of China. During the end of May to early June, 2014, radiating from a watering point, 8 sampling transects were established at a set distance gradient of 50, 100,200,400,800 and 1200 m following 8 orientations in Junggar basin of Xinjiang,China. The effects of piosphere were studied by analyzing the composition,species importance value, species richness, vegetation cover, height and aboveground biomass of the plant community, aiming to provide scientific basis for the restoration and sustainable management of the desert steppe. The results showed that, with the decrease of distance from the watering point, the grazing intensity increased, and the community characteristics varied significantly. Palatable Seriphidium borotalense is more abundant and dominant in areas distant from watering point, and the highly disturbed area adjacent to watering point was dominated by annuals and poisonous Peganum harmala. The species richness of the community including perennials and annuals increased with decreasing distance from the watering point, while the vegetation cover decreased, which was notably driven by S. borotalense cover. The flourish of annual plants and poisonous P. harmala in the vicinity of the watering point indicated the degradation of the plant community approaching to the watering point. The implementation of the nomadic settlement project may produce more piospheres, which may accelerate the degradation process of the desert steppe.
中文关键词	水源圈 ; 放牧梯度 ; 植物群落 ; 退化
英文关键词	piosphere grazing gradient plant community degradation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	BIOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5618742
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234847
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 中国科学院干旱区生物地理与生物资源重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.伊犁哈萨克自治州气象局, 伊宁, 新疆 835000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	徐文轩,连仲民,徐婷,等. 新疆准噶尔盆地荒漠草地水源圈植物群落退化格局[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2016,35(1):104-110.
APA	徐文轩,连仲民,徐婷,杨维康,&吴珂.(2016).新疆准噶尔盆地荒漠草地水源圈植物群落退化格局.生态学杂志,35(1),104-110.
MLA	徐文轩,et al."新疆准噶尔盆地荒漠草地水源圈植物群落退化格局".生态学杂志 35.1(2016):104-110.