干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 滴灌对间作枣棉光合特性与水分利用的影响

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	滴灌对间作枣棉光合特性与水分利用的影响
其他题名	Effects of Drip Irrigation on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Jujube-Cotton Intercropping System
	李发永 1; 劳东青 2; 孙三民 3; 姚宝林 3; 孙留东 3
来源期刊	农业机械学报
ISSN	1000-1298
出版年	2016
卷号	47 期号:12 页码:119-129
中文摘要	在南疆沙漠绿洲区对滴灌间作枣棉不同种植和灌水模式下的光合特性进行了研究,并分析了间作枣棉节水条件下的水分利用状况。试验设置9个处理,分别为枣棉间距80 cm(J-1) 、100 cm(J-2) 、120 cm(J-3) 、对照单作枣树(CK-Z) 、单作棉花(CK-M)和灌水定额45 mm(G-1) 、60 mm(G-2) 、75 mm(G-3) 、90 mm(G-4) 。研究表明,新梢生长期枣树需水量较棉花大,其光合速率和蒸腾速率在滴灌定额较低时(45 mm,G-1处理)显著低于G-2、G-3、G-4、 CK-Z 4个处理,而此阶段(棉花蕾期)水分对棉花光合速率和蒸腾速率的影响较小,但过高的灌水量(90 mm)也会使棉花光合速率降低;气孔导度变化与蒸腾速率变化相似,枣树新稍生长期G-2处理显著高于其他处理,低灌水处理G-1分别比G-2、G-3、G-4处理降低了70.85%、64.37%、39.66%。花期后枣树需水量较大,气孔导度以G-4处理最高。棉花蕾期以G-2处理最高,花期后,低灌水定额时(G-1、G-2)气孔导度也较低,铃后期各处理气孔导度显著降低,与花铃期相比分别降低了14.34%、31.83%、54.23%、43.03%、47.71%。枣棉间距对枣树和棉花光合速率P_n、气孔导度G_s、胞间CO_2浓度Ci的影响主要在盛花期后,而对蒸腾速率的影响则贯穿整个生育期;不同种植间距下棉花的水分利用效率(WUE_(yield))由大到小表现为CK-M、J-3、J-2、J-1,不同灌水定额下棉花的WUE_(yield)由大到小表现为CK-M、G-2、G-3、G-2、G-4;不同种植间距下枣树的WUE_(yield)由大到小表现为J-3、CK-Z、J-2、J-1,不同灌水定额下枣树的WUE_(yield)由大到小表现为G-1、G-3、CK-Z、G-2、G-4。采用光合分配计算各生育阶段的水分利用效率(WUE_(Pn))与基于产量的水分利用效率(WUE_(yield))并不一致;棉花蕾期水分利用效率WUE_(Pn)与全生育期水分利用效率WUE_(yield)显著相关,其他2个生育期与之无显著相关关系。
英文摘要	The photosynthetic characteristics of jujube-cotton intercropping system under different cropping patterns and drip irrigation modes were studied in the southern desert oasis region of Xinjiang. The objective was to analyze the water use of cotton in intercropping system under water-saving conditions. Totally nine treatments were carried out,which were jujube-cotton spacing of 80 cm(J-1), 100 cm(J-2) and 120 cm(J-3), the control monoculture of jujube(CK-Z), control monoculture of cotton(CK-M) and different irrigation quotas of G-1(45 mm), G-2(60 mm), G-3(75 mm) and G-4(90 mm). Results showed that water demand of jujube at shoots growing stage was relatively larger than cotton,photosynthesis and transpiration rate with lower drip irrigation quota(45 mm) were significantly lower than those of other four treatments,but at this stage(cotton was at bud stage), the moisture had less effect on photosynthesis and transpiration rate of cotton. In addition,excessive irrigation(90 mm) also could reduce cotton photosynthetic. Changes of stomatal conductance were similar with transpiration rate,these parameters of jujube for G-2 treatment at shoot growth stage were significantly higher than those of other treatments,but G-1 was lower than G-2,G-3 and G-4 by 70.85%,64.37% and 39.66%,respectively. The water demand of jujube after flowering stage was increased. Stomatal conductance of G-4 was the highest of all the treatments. The highest stomatal conductance of cotton was obtained in G-2 at bud stage,after flowering,the lower irrigation quota treatments(G-1 and G-2) also had lower stomatal conductance,when it came into the later stage of growth,stomatal conductance for each treatment was significantly decreased,compared with that at the flowering stage and boll-forming stage,it was decreased by 14.34%,31.83%,54.23%,43.03% and 47.71%,respectively. Effects of spacing of jujube intercropping with cotton on cotton photosynthetic rate P_n, stomatal conductance G_s, intercellular CO_2 concentration C_i were mainly occurred after the period of flowering,but the effects of transpiration rate were throughout the whole growth period. Water use efficiency of cotton with different planting spacings was in decreasing order of CK-M,J-3,J-2 and J-1,and that for different irrigation quotas was in decreasing order of CK-M,G-2,G-3,G-2 and G-4. Water use efficiency of jujube with different planting spacings was in decreasing order of J-3,CK-Z,J-2 and J-1,and that for different irrigation quotas was in decreasing order of G-1,G-3,CK-M,G-2 and G-4. It was found that photosynthetic distribution based WUE_(Pn) at different growth stages was not consistent with yield based WUE_(yield). Cotton at bud stage had a high WUE even at low quota of irrigation,but after entering the flowering stage,WUE was closely related to irrigation quota. WUE_(yield) of cotton for the whole growth period and WUE_(Pn) of cotton at bud stage was significantly related,WUE_(Pn) of other two growth stages had no significant correlation with WUE_(yield).
中文关键词	枣树 ; 棉花 ; 间作 ; 滴灌 ; 光合 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	jujube cotton intercropping drip irrigation photosynthetic water use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5882122
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234670
作者单位	1.塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院, 阿拉尔, 新疆 843300, 中国; 2.塔里大学信息工程学院, 现代农业工程新疆自治区高校重点实验室, 阿拉尔, 新疆 843300, 中国; 3.塔里木大学水利与建筑工程学院, 现代农业工程新疆自治区高校重点实验室, 阿拉尔, 新疆 843300, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李发永,劳东青,孙三民,等. 滴灌对间作枣棉光合特性与水分利用的影响[J],2016,47(12):119-129.
APA	李发永,劳东青,孙三民,姚宝林,&孙留东.(2016).滴灌对间作枣棉光合特性与水分利用的影响.农业机械学报,47(12),119-129.
MLA	李发永,et al."滴灌对间作枣棉光合特性与水分利用的影响".农业机械学报 47.12(2016):119-129.