干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 覆盖模式对农田土壤环境与冬小麦生长的影响

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	覆盖模式对农田土壤环境与冬小麦生长的影响
其他题名	Effects of Mulching Patterns on Farmland Soil Environment and Winter Wheat Growth
	银敏华 1; 李援农 1; 李昊 2; 徐袁博 1; 张天乐 1; 谷晓博 1
来源期刊	农业机械学报
ISSN	1000-1298
出版年	2016
卷号	47 期号:4 页码:127-135,227
中文摘要	基于2年田间试验,对比研究了平作不覆盖(CK) 、垄覆普通塑料地膜(M1) 、垄覆普通塑料地膜至拔节期揭膜(M2) 、垄覆生物降解膜(M3)和垄覆液态地膜(M4) 5种覆盖模式对农田土壤水分、土壤温度和土壤养分及冬小麦生物量累积、生育进程、产量和水肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,垄覆普通塑料地膜、生物降解膜和普通塑料地膜至拔节期揭膜均具有一定的保墒作用,而垄覆液态地膜的保墒性则较差。连续2年试验后,各处理耕层(0 ~ 40 cm)土壤养分含量均较播前有所减少,其中处理M2和M3有机质含量较高,而处理M1最低。与对照相比,覆盖处理可明显增加冬小麦生长前中期土壤温度,促进冬小麦出苗、拔节及地上部生物量累积,同时能提高产量和水肥利用效率。其中,处理M2和M3的增加幅度最大,与处理CK相比,其2年平均产量分别提高25.93% 和25.24%,平均水分利用效率分别提高27.86%和27.44%,平均肥料偏生产力分别提高25.94%和25.23%,且二者无显著差异,是陕西关中地区缓解残膜污染合理有效的冬小麦覆盖模式。
英文摘要	Two-year (20122014) field experiment was conducted to promote rainfall utilization efficiency and reduce agricultural pollution caused by plastic film in arid and semi-arid regions of China. A total of five treatments (CK: traditional flat planting with no mulching; M1: ridge-furrow planting with plastic film mulching over ridge; M2: ridge-furrow planting with plastic film mulching over ridge till jointing stage; M3: ridge-furrow planting with biodegradable film mulching over ridge; M4: ridge-furrow planting with liquid film mulching over ridge) were chosen to investigate the effects of different mulching patterns on farmland soil environment,including soil moisture,soil temperature and soil nutrient. In addition,accumulation of shoot dry mass,growth progress,yield,water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity of winter wheat were compared among treatments. The results showed that plastic film mulching (M1),biodegradable film mulching (M3) and plastic film mulching till jointing stage (M2) had significant effects on soil conservation,however,liquid film mulching (M4) was inferior in moisture keeping than those of M1,M2 and M3 treatments. Soil nutrient content was decreased after two experimental years in all treatments. Taking soil organic matter content for example,M2 and M3 had higher soil organic matter contents than those of the other treatments and M1 got the lowest soil organic matter content of the five treatments. This meant that mulching with plastic film for a long time would result in rapid decomposition of soil organic matter. Compared with CK,the mulching treatments could remarkably increase soil temperature at early and middle periods,consequently accelerated seedling rate, jointing rate and the accumulation of shoot dry mass,and thus promoted yield,water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity of winter wheat. Among the four mulching treatments,M2 and M3 could increase wheat yield,water use efficiency and partial fertilizer productivity to a great extent. Compared with CK,M2 and M3 averagely increased yield by 25.93% and 25.24%,increased water use efficiency by 27.86% and 27.44% and increased partial fertilizer productivity by 25.94% and 25.23% in two years,respectively. And there was no significant difference between them. In conclusion,M2 and M3 were appropriate mulching patterns with less agricultural pollution for winter wheat cultivation in Guanzhong Region,Shaanxi Province.
中文关键词	冬小麦 ; 覆盖模式 ; 土壤水分 ; 土壤温度 ; 土壤养分 ; 产量
英文关键词	winter wheat mulching patterns soil moisture soil temperature soil nutrient yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5684617
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234656
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学, 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.西北农林科技大学经济管理学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	银敏华,李援农,李昊,等. 覆盖模式对农田土壤环境与冬小麦生长的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2016,47(4):127-135,227.
APA	银敏华,李援农,李昊,徐袁博,张天乐,&谷晓博.(2016).覆盖模式对农田土壤环境与冬小麦生长的影响.农业机械学报,47(4),127-135,227.
MLA	银敏华,et al."覆盖模式对农田土壤环境与冬小麦生长的影响".农业机械学报 47.4(2016):127-135,227.