干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近60年鄯善县地下水补排量演变与坎儿井流量衰减关系

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	近60年鄯善县地下水补排量演变与坎儿井流量衰减关系
其他题名	Relationship between groundwater recharge, discharge evolution and Karez flow attenuation in Shanshan County in nearly 60 years
	吴彬; 杜明亮; 杨鹏年; 李英连
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2016
卷号	32 期号:16 页码:102-108
中文摘要	为揭示干旱区地下水补排量演变规律及其与坎儿井流量衰减的关系,通过梳理1949年以来鄯善县水资源开发利用、地下水资源调查评价资料,分析了地下水补排量的变化,划分地下水补排量演化的阶段。利用双变量相关分析法,分析了地下水主要补排量演化与坎儿井流量衰减之间的关系,并分析了其原因。结果表明:1)鄯善县地下水补排量的变化主要受人类活动影响,气候变化的影响微弱,且主要补排量变化的突变点与国家实施改革开放、西部大开发等政策的起始点相一致,政策是人为因素中的关键因素;2)坎儿井出流量与河道渗漏补给量、渠道渗漏补给量、田间入渗补给量、机井地下水开采量之间的相关系数依次为0.312、-0.327、-0.574、-0.959,说明坎儿井流量的衰减主要受机井开采地下水影响,其次为田间入渗补给量,河道和渠道(干支渠)渗漏补给影响较小;3)坎儿井出流量与地下水补排量的响应关系主要由其空间分布位置决定。该研究对坎儿井保护和超采区治理提供参考。
英文摘要	In Turpan Basin, groundwater recharge and discharge system have been sharply changed due to excessive diversion of surface water and overexploitation of groundwater, so a series of ecological environment problems have been caused, such as Aydingkol Lake ecosystem deterioration, Karez flow attenuation and even drying up, land desertification, frequent sandstorm. Karez is an impressive hydraulic engineering project as well as a cultural achievement for over 2000 years. In order to preserve and revitalize some Karezes, multiple measures have been implemented. Based on the data of water use and groundwater evaluation in different period, groundwater budget was calculated, the evolution of groundwater recharge and discharge was analyzed, and the evolution stage was divided according to the variation curve over time. The relationship between groundwater system evolution and Karez flow attenuation was also analyzed using correlation analysis method. The results showed that: 1) Groundwater recharge and discharge were mainly affected by human activities. Annual rainfall was small and slightly showed a trend of decrease, and rainfall infiltration was negligible. The impact of climate change on groundwater system was negligible. River runoff increased slightly. But the river leakage decreased by around 1.010~8 m~3 from 1956 to 2014. Channel leakage and field infiltration showed a trend of increase before 1990, reached the peak value of 0.35910~8 and 0.16810~8 m~3 respectively, and then declined. Groundwater exploitation by well has experienced sustained increasing, reached the maximum of 3.53610~8 m~3 in 2010, and declined since 2011, and well production was 2.57010~8 m~3 in 2014. Karez flow increased in 1960s to the maximum value of 2.17310~8 m~3, and after that decreased and drying up; only a flow yield of 0.594410~8 m~3 was still provided to irrigation in 2014. Spring water, as well as Karez flow, reduced from 1.06310~8 m~3 in 1958 to 0.068610~8 m~3 in 2010. The evaporation discharge of phreatic water decreased from 0.93810~8 m~3 in 1958 to 0.056*10~8 m~3 in 2011. 2) The correlation coefficients between Karez flow and river leakage, channel seepage, field infiltration, and well water production were 0.373, -0.327, -0.574 and -0.959 respectively. That was to say, Karez flow attenuation was mainly affected by pumping wells, followed by field infiltration, and lastly affected by river leakage and canal seepage. The response relationship between groundwater recharge and discharge system evolution and Karez flow attenuation was decided by their spatial distribution location. In north basin, Karez system was mainly located within the areas with a width of 5.0 km north of the ground water exposure belt, at a distance of 20.0-30.0 km from the river outlet. River leakage and channel seepage were distributed into vast aquifer with an area of 2 000 km~2 in the piedmont Gobi gravel, which caused a small variation of groundwater level. Its influence is limited for most of Karez flow. Although pumping wells were located in the downstream of Karez canal, exploitation made groundwater level sharply decline and had a great influence on Karez flow. In south basin, Karez system was distributed throughout irrigation area, as well as pumping wells, exploiting groundwater caused most Karezes to be dried up and abandoned; only several Karezes located in the edge of irrigation area were still flowing. Field infiltration affected Karez flow significantly due to recharge directly. 3) The abrupt change point of groundwater recharge and discharge was consistent with the implementation stage of national major policy. Policy was a key factor in human factors. Before 1949, only Karez flow and spring water were diverted for irrigation and domestic purposes.
中文关键词	干旱 ; 水 ; 渠道 ; 鄯善县 ; 地下水系统演化 ; 坎儿井流量衰减
英文关键词	drought water canal Shanshan county evolution of groundwater system Karez flow attenuation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	MINERALOGY
WOS研究方向	Mineralogy
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5759635
来源机构	新疆农业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234619
作者单位	新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830052, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴彬,杜明亮,杨鹏年,等. 近60年鄯善县地下水补排量演变与坎儿井流量衰减关系[J]. 新疆农业大学,2016,32(16):102-108.
APA	吴彬,杜明亮,杨鹏年,&李英连.(2016).近60年鄯善县地下水补排量演变与坎儿井流量衰减关系.农业工程学报,32(16),102-108.
MLA	吴彬,et al."近60年鄯善县地下水补排量演变与坎儿井流量衰减关系".农业工程学报 32.16(2016):102-108.