干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 广西糖料甘蔗需水量和灌溉定额空间变异

Arid

	广西糖料甘蔗需水量和灌溉定额空间变异
其他题名	Spatial variation of sugarcane water requirement and irrigation quota in Guangxi
	郭长强 1; 崔远来 1; 李新建 2; 粟世华 2
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2016
卷号	32 期号:8 页码:89-97
中文摘要	广西是中国主要的糖料蔗生产基地,地处喀斯特地貌区,其土壤保水保肥效率低,且年降水时空分布不均,灌溉对保障糖料蔗高产稳产极其重要。研究糖料蔗需水量及灌溉定额空间变异规律,对指导糖料蔗高效节水灌溉,保障其高产稳产具有极其重要的作用。以广西7个灌溉试验站的试验数据为基础,采用双作物系数法,结合全区25个气象站的数据,计算全区多年平均参照作物蒸发蒸腾量(crop reference evapotranspiration,ET_0)及滴灌、小管出流、微喷灌和沟灌共4种灌水方式下的作物需水量(crop evapotranspiration,ET_c)和灌溉定额,分析各变量的空间变异性,并绘制其等值线图。与观测资料对比发现,该文基于双作物系数法得到的ET_c相对误差范围在5%左右。气象因素空间分布的不均匀性导致ET_0和ET_c的空间分布不均,进而导致灌溉定额的空间分布差异,其中以降水的影响最明显。全区多年平均日均有效降水量全区相对差异达65%,东兴和百色分别为全区最大值和最小值点,分别为5.37和1.94 mm/d。滴灌、小管出流、微喷灌和沟灌4种灌水方式下日均ET_c分别为3.48、3.48、3.59和3.52 mm/d,北海为全区峰值点,田东为区域性峰值点。全区多年平均灌溉定额在滴灌、小管出流、微喷灌和沟灌灌水方式下分别为135、135、354和457 mm。不同灌水方式下全区糖料蔗灌溉定额呈现出相同的空间分布规律,即桂林至田东一带为灌溉定额的高值区,田东为全区的峰值点。研究可为广西地区糖料蔗的灌溉行为包括灌溉方式和灌溉定额的选择提供理论指导。
英文摘要	Guangxi Province, the major sugarcane production base in China, is of significant importance in ensuring the national sugar industry security duo to its high and stable sugarcane output. In order to understand the laws of water requirement of Guangxi sugarcane, guide sugarcane irrigation in different parts of Guangxi, achieve water conservancy modernization and consolidate the national base of sugarcane production, contour map of water requirement and irrigation norm of sugarcane covering the entire area of Guangxi were drawn and their associated spatial variability was investigated. A total of 3-year sugarcane irrigation tests were carried out in 7 experimental stations located in North Guangxi (Luzhai and Liuzhou stations), Central Guangxi (Wuxuan, Wuming, Fusui and Jiangzhou stations) and South Guangxi (Hepu station) from 2012 to 2014. The difference of sugarcane yield under the condition of various irrigation methods and norm was studied and data base of soil and irrigation were simultaneously established. Additionally, basic meteorological data (daily highest temperature, lowest temperature, relative humidity, etc) were collected by 25 nationally meteorological stations in this region. Based on existing data of soil and growth period of sugarcane from the 7 experimental stations, planting area of sugarcane in Guangxi was divided into North, Central, West and South Guangxi. In the aforementioned 7 experimental stations, Luzhai, Wuxuan, Jiangzhou, Fusui, Wuming and Hepu represented North Guangxi, east of Central Guangxi, west of Central Guangxi, West Guangxi and South Guangxi, respectively. According to this division and the meteorological data of nearly 60 years from the 25 meteorological stations, crop reference evapotranspiration ET_0 were estimated based on Penman-Monteith formula. Sugarcane crop water requirements ET_c were estimated through dual crop coefficient method under 4 different irrigation methods of drip irrigation, small tube flow irrigation, micro-spray irrigation and furrow irrigation. And irrigation quota was obtained on the basis of water balance equation of crop in arid area. The corresponding contour maps were obtained according to the tension spline interpolation. Relative error between calculated and experimental data was from -1.9% to 16.7%, according to the comparison with ET_c of Luzhai station and Jiangzhou station, where relatively complete data were collected during 2012 to 2013.
中文关键词	糖料蔗 ; 灌溉 ; 蒸发蒸腾 ; 灌溉定额 ; 等值线图 ; 空间分布
英文关键词	sugarcane irrigation evapotranspiration irrigation quota contour map spatial variation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5790989
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234606
作者单位	1.武汉大学, 水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室, 武汉, 湖北 430072, 中国; 2.广西壮族自治区灌溉试验中心站, 桂林, 广西 541199, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郭长强,崔远来,李新建,等. 广西糖料甘蔗需水量和灌溉定额空间变异[J],2016,32(8):89-97.
APA	郭长强,崔远来,李新建,&粟世华.(2016).广西糖料甘蔗需水量和灌溉定额空间变异.农业工程学报,32(8),89-97.
MLA	郭长强,et al."广西糖料甘蔗需水量和灌溉定额空间变异".农业工程学报 32.8(2016):89-97.