干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 黄土旱塬集雨保墒措施对苹果发育和土壤水分变化的影响

Arid

	黄土旱塬集雨保墒措施对苹果发育和土壤水分变化的影响
其他题名	Effects of rain-harvesting and moisture-conserving measures on apple tree growth and development and soil water moisture in arid areas of loess plateau
	赵刚; 樊廷录; 李尚中; 张建军; 党翼; 王磊
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2016
卷号	32 期号:1 页码:155-160
中文摘要	为了有效缓解黄土旱塬区苹果园深层干燥化,保证苹果产业的可持续发展,该文选取甘肃镇原盛果期苹果园,连续6 a定位测定了黑色地膜覆盖和黑色地膜覆盖+立体化入渗对苹果产量、新梢生长量和土壤含水量等指标。分析了6 a不同处理苹果产量、形态指标和不同生育期果园0~500 cm土壤相对水分亏缺指数的变化,研究结果表明:黑色地膜覆盖+立体化入渗较对照平均增产16.49%,优果率增加8.91%;300~500 cm土壤含水量较对照增加0.50~2.63百分点,降水入渗深度达到了480 cm,在60~500 cm水分相对亏缺指数为-0.05~-0.12,最大补偿区域为200~300 cm,水分补偿为春季花期和收获期。因此,黑色地膜覆盖+立体化入渗技术提高了果树产量与优果率,改善了果园深层水分状况,缓解土壤深层干燥化。
英文摘要	The arid areas of the loess plateau represent the second largest apple advantage production area in China. However, the desiccation in deep soil layers of the apple gardens in these areas constrains the sustained development of apple industry. Therefore, it is of vital importance to study the desiccation in deep soil layers. This research aims to effectively alleviate the desiccation in deep soil layers of the apple gardens in arid areas of the loess plateau, and to ensure the sustainable development of apple industry. From 2009 to 2014, gardens with full bearing period (20 years) apple trees in Zhenyuan County, Gansu Province were selected as testing areas. The treatments included rain-harvesting patterns as black film mulching and black film mulching+ Rainfall collection tri-infiltration, which made the outside of the main trunk incline ramp, covered with black film, was in close contact with the ground compaction and ease of catchment. The tree disks been covering about Apr-20, and adopting the cultivating pattern of local farmers as controlled group (CK). In consecutive 6 years, such indexes as apple yield, new shoot growth and soil water content were localized and measured within soil layer depths of 0~500 cm, and morphological indexes of apple trees were periodically measured. Changes in apple yield, morphological indexes and relative water deficit indexes within soil layer depths of 0~500 cm at different growth stages were analyzed. The result showed that compared with those under CK and black film mulching, black film mulching+ Rainfall collection tri-infiltration made average apple yield within 6 years increase by 16.49% and 3.63%, respectively, and the rate of optimal fruit improve by 8.91% and 3.86%, respectively, so the technology prevented apple tree from yield fluctuation during years. The proportion of short shoots in black film mulching+ Rainfall collection tri-infiltration was significantly higher than under both black film mulching and CK, and enhanced by 22.75% and 11.84%, respectively. Compared with those under CK, soil water contents within soil layer depths of 300~500 cm increased by 0.50%~2.63% in black film mulching+Rainfall collection tri-infiltration. and its infiltration depth of precipitation amounts to 480cm, which was 120cm and 280 cm deeper than those under black film mulching and CK, respectively.
中文关键词	土壤 ; 水分 ; 生长 ; 黄土旱塬 ; 苹果园 ; 保蓄措施
英文关键词	soils moisture growth loess plateau apple orchard soil keeping measures
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5616359
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234583
作者单位	甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	赵刚,樊廷录,李尚中,等. 黄土旱塬集雨保墒措施对苹果发育和土壤水分变化的影响[J],2016,32(1):155-160.
APA	赵刚,樊廷录,李尚中,张建军,党翼,&王磊.(2016).黄土旱塬集雨保墒措施对苹果发育和土壤水分变化的影响.农业工程学报,32(1),155-160.
MLA	赵刚,et al."黄土旱塬集雨保墒措施对苹果发育和土壤水分变化的影响".农业工程学报 32.1(2016):155-160.