干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 沟谷地形下煤炭开采对地表径流的影响

Arid

	沟谷地形下煤炭开采对地表径流的影响
其他题名	Influence of longwall mining on surface runoffs in gully terrain area
	张广磊; 鞠金峰; 许家林
来源期刊	煤炭学报
ISSN	0253-9993
出版年	2016
卷号	41 期号:5 页码:1219-1226
中文摘要	以西部矿区沟谷地形开采条件为背景,采用理论分析和模拟试验的方法,建立岩层移动与潜水位下降的关系,就沟谷地形下煤炭开采对地表径流的影响进行了探讨。结果表明:在采动裂隙未破坏潜水含水层的条件下,其储水盆地形态和汇水面积将受开采沉陷影响而发生改变,从而影响到地表径流分布和区域水系环境。随着地下开采强度的不断增大,沟谷地形下开采引起的地表径流分布将出现稳定、衍生、转移、恶化4种类型。当采高和开采面积均较小时,潜水位及地表径流水位下降不明显,故整个区域水系环境变化不大;当采高较大而开采面积相对含水层面积较小时,采煤不会造成潜水位明显下降,但会引起地表沉陷,从而造成开采区域潜水位埋深变浅,当开采区域存在沟谷地形时,由于地势较低潜水易出露地表,从而衍生出新的地表径流;随着开采面积相对含水层面积逐渐增大,采煤会造成潜水位明显下降,进而开采区域之外原有地表径流流量减小甚至消失,而开采区域存在沟谷地形且地表沉陷足够大时潜水出露,地表径流转移至开采区域;最后,采高和开采面积进一步增大时,潜水位大幅下降,直至地表径流全部消失,转移至地下储存,区域生态环境趋于恶化。研究结果可为西部干旱半干旱地区的保水采煤实践提供理论依据。
英文摘要	Based on the exploitation background of gully terrain area in western China,the relationship between strata movement and groundwater level decline was established by adopting theoretical analysis and simulation methods,and then the influence of longwall mining on surface runoffs in gully terrain area was discussed. The results show that if the aquifer is not damaged by mining-induced fractures,the basin morphology and catchment area will vary due to mining subsidence,which would subsequently affect the distribution of surface runoffs and water environment. With the increasing intensity of underground mining,four types of surface runoffs distribution caused by mining in gully terrain area will appear including stable type,derivative type,transfer type and deterioration type. When mining height and mining area are relatively small,groundwater and surface water level decline is not obvious and regional water environment has minor changes. When mining height is large but mining area is small comparing to the basin area, groundwater level decline is not obvious but surface subsidence is considerable. Hence,the buried depth of groundwater level is shallower than before in mining area. When there are gullies overlaying on the surface of the mining area, groundwater may outcrop in the gully as its low elevation,from which new surface runoff would derive. As the mining area enlarges comparing to the basin area,groundwater level in the whole area obviously declines;thus the original surface runoffs outside the mining area disappear and are transferred to the mining area because of its large surface subsidence. Finally,groundwater level declines rapidly due to larger mining height and mining area. Eventually,all the surface runoffs disappear and are converted into groundwater,causing regional ecological environment deterioration. This research provides a theoretical basis for water-preserved mining practice in arid and semi-arid areas of western China.
中文关键词	沟谷地形 ; 地表径流 ; 岩层移动 ; 潜水位 ; 保水采煤 ; 绿色开采
英文关键词	gully terrain surface runoffs strata movement groundwater level water-preserved mining green mining
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Mining & Mineral Processing
WOS研究方向	Mining & Mineral Processing
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5716068
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/234572
作者单位	张广磊, (徐州)中国矿业大学矿业工程学院, 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室, 徐州, 江苏 221116, 中国.; 许家林, (徐州)中国矿业大学矿业工程学院, 煤炭资源与安全开采国家重点实验室, 徐州, 江苏 221116, 中国.; 鞠金峰, (徐州)中国矿业大学物联网(感知矿山)研究中心, 矿山互联网应用技术国家地方联合工程实验室, 徐州, 江苏 221008, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张广磊,鞠金峰,许家林. 沟谷地形下煤炭开采对地表径流的影响[J],2016,41(5):1219-1226.
APA	张广磊,鞠金峰,&许家林.(2016).沟谷地形下煤炭开采对地表径流的影响.煤炭学报,41(5),1219-1226.
MLA	张广磊,et al."沟谷地形下煤炭开采对地表径流的影响".煤炭学报 41.5(2016):1219-1226.