干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱区水氮调控对棉花根、冠生长特性及产量的影响

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	干旱区水氮调控对棉花根、冠生长特性及产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of water and nitrogen regulation on root and shoot growth characteristics and yield of cotton in arid area
	邓忠; 翟国亮; 宗洁; 吕谋超; 李迎; 冯俊杰; 蔡九茂; 张文正
来源期刊	中国土壤与肥料
ISSN	1673-6257
出版年	2015
期号	6 页码:57-64
中文摘要	为了探明水分和氮素对棉花生长发育的影响,设置了3个灌溉水量和4个施氮量,研究了棉花生育时期地下(根)和地上部分(冠)的生长特性,揭示了水氮调控对棉花根、冠生长以及产量的影响效应。试验结果表明:不同生育时期,灌溉水量为3 900 m~3?hm~(-2)、施氮量为300 kg?hm~(-2)时能提高棉花叶片光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、叶绿素SPAD值和水分利用效率(WUE)。随着施氮量的增加,棉花根系干物质量呈先增加后降低而地上部分干物质量呈逐渐增加的趋势,在不同灌溉水量下,施氮量为300 kg?hm~(-2)时棉花各生育期根系干物质量均达到最大,但棉花根冠比呈逐渐降低的趋势,且随着灌溉水量的增加棉花根冠比也呈降低趋势。水分亏缺(W_(3 300)处理)有利于棉花根冠比的增大,但显著降低了棉花光合参数(Pn、Tr)、叶绿素SPAD值和WUE。在本试验条件下,当灌溉水量为3 900 m~3?hm~(-2)、施氮量为300 kg?hm~(-2)时棉花株高适宜(79 cm左右),有效铃数和单铃重较高,较W_(3 300)处理和W_(4 500)处理有效铃数分别增加1.0、0.4个?株~(-1),单铃重增加0.16、0.09 g,产量提高8.35%、4.62%,衣分增加1.4%、0.7%,棉花适宜的根冠比为0.111。
英文摘要	Water and nitrogen(N)are two important factors impacting crops growth,it is necessary to pay much attention to the synergistic regulation effects of water and nitrogen on crops in arid areas,especially in northwest China.To address the coupling effects of water & N interaction on yield and photosynthetic parameters of cotton,a field experiment was carried out to study the growth characteristics in terms of belowground(root)and aboveground(shoot)parts in cotton growing stages and the synergetic effects of water and N regulation on cotton yield components.In this study,three irrigation quotas(i.e.3 300,3 900 and 4 500 m~3?hm~(-2))and four N rates(i.e.150,225,300 and 375 kg?hm~(-2))were set up in a completely randomized block design with three replicates.Results showed that the treatment with water and nitrogen amounts at 3 900 m~3?hm~(-2) and 300 kg?hm~(-2) promoted photosynthetic parameters(Pn,Tr)and SPAD value and leaf WUE of cotton leaf in different stages.Dry weight of cotton root showed a parabolic curve with nitrogen amounts increasing,while shoot parts increased gradually with nitrogen application amounts increasing.Dry weight of cotton root under different irrigation amounts reached the maximum in each growing stage at N 300 kg?hm~(-2),but the root/shoot ratio of cotton present declined gradually,also the ratio decreased with irrigation amounts increased.Deficient irrigation(W_(3 300) treatment)was benefit to increase the ratio of root to shoot,but it led to a significant decline in photosynthetic parameters(Pn,Tr)and SPAD values and leaf WUE.In this experiment,it generated a pleasant cotton height at 79 cm and an improvement in numbers of available bolls and single boll weight when irrigation quota at 3 900 m~3?hm~(-2) and N rate at 300 kg?hm~(-2),available bolls increased 1.0 and 0.4 per plant,single boll weight increased 0.16 and 0.09 g,yield was increased by 8.35% and 4.62%,and the lint percentage was increased by 1.4% and 0.7%,compared with those of the treatments of W_(3 300) and W_(4 500).Therefore,the suitable ratio of root to shoot of cotton was about 0.111.
中文关键词	水氮调控 ; 膜下滴灌棉花 ; 根冠比 ; 产量
英文关键词	water and nitrogen regulation mulched-cotton by drip irrigation root/shoot ratio yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5590961
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/233826
作者单位	中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所, 河南省节水农业重点实验室, 新乡, 河南 453002, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邓忠,翟国亮,宗洁,等. 干旱区水氮调控对棉花根、冠生长特性及产量的影响[J],2015(6):57-64.
APA	邓忠.,翟国亮.,宗洁.,吕谋超.,李迎.,...&张文正.(2015).干旱区水氮调控对棉花根、冠生长特性及产量的影响.中国土壤与肥料(6),57-64.
MLA	邓忠,et al."干旱区水氮调控对棉花根、冠生长特性及产量的影响".中国土壤与肥料 .6(2015):57-64.