干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 土壤生态系统服务的概念、量化及其对城市化的响应

Arid

	土壤生态系统服务的概念、量化及其对城市化的响应
其他题名	SOIL ECOSYSTEM SERVICES: CONCEPT, QUANTIFICATION AND RESPONSE TO URBANIZATION
	吴绍华; 虞燕娜; 朱江; 李保杰; 周生路
来源期刊	土壤学报
ISSN	0564-3929
出版年	2015
卷号	52 期号:5 页码:970-978
中文摘要	土壤生态系统是陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,是人类赖以生存的重要资源。全球的快速城市化进程使土壤生态系统服务发生了部分不可逆转的变化。本文归纳了土壤生态系统服务定义和分类的发展过程,介绍了土壤生态系统服务定量化表征方法以及GUMBO、InVEST等几种常用的评价模型,并从供给服务、调节服务、文化服务和支持服务几个方面阐述土壤生态系统服务对城市化的响应。针对土壤生态系统服务分类、建模、空间表达以及其对人为活动的响应等方面研究存在的不足,本文提出未来的研究重点方向:建立土壤生态系统服务分类体系与标准,构建基于生态过程的土壤生态系统服务量化模型,开展土壤生态系统服务制图与权衡研究,加强土壤生态系统服务对城市化的动态响应机制与过程研究。期望更多的人关注和参与土壤生态系统服务研究,并将其应用于土壤资源管理、生态文明建设等政府决策。
英文摘要	Soil ecosystem is an important component of the global terrestrial ecosystem. Soil provides man with food, regulates the water and atmosphere, and supports the other ecosystems in cycling. Human beings have been relying on and will continue to have to rely on the services provided by soil for survival, while human activities have profoundly altered the soil ecosystems across the globe since the industrial revolution, especially urbanization, of which the effect is mostly irreversible. China is right now in the process of ongoing rapid urbanization, but little attention has been paid to losing of the soil ecosystem services. It is, therefore, critically important to understand processes and mechanism of urbanization affecting soil ecosystem services for healthy urban development. For that reason, a summary is presented in this paper of development processes of the definition, classification and assessment of soil ecosystem services. Soil ecosystem services can be defined as welfares provided to human beings by soil, a specific natural capital. Monetary value and material quantity are the two major scales for quantification of ecosystem service. As quantification of material production may be done by modeling ecological processes,it is an applicable method for quantification of soil ecosystem services. Although quite a number of eco-process-based ecosystem service evaluation models, such as GUMBO, ARIES and InVEST, are available for use to evaluate soil ecosystem services, none of them is specific to evaluation of soil ecosystem services. Urbanization processes may affect soil ecosystem services both positively and negatively, but mainly the latter. Urbanization alienates large tracts of productive land, thus leading decline of the services of supplying food, fiber, wood, etc. to the mankind. Urban pavements form an impermeable seal over the soil, blocking or hindering water exchange between the pedosphere, atmosphere and hydrosphere. Besides, it also seriously restrains the regulating service of the soil ecosystem, like water storage, carbon sequestration, pollution purification and so on. Nevertheless, urbanization is also a coin of two sides. It helps improve some local ecosystem services, like cultural services, increase in forest land area in arid regions as a result of proper urban management. Although researches were done in the past from various angles to study effects of urbanization on the supply, regulation and culture services of the ecosystem, little has been reported on comprehensive systems study on responses of soil ecosystems to rapid urbanization in service. To make up the gap, a framework is proposed for analysis of processes and mechanisms of the soil ecosystem responding to urbanization. Loss of ecological land,population convergence and pollutant discharge are held to be the main driving forces of the changes in soil ecosystems, like changes in composition, physicchemical and biogeochemical processes of the soil. The changes, in turn, affect the soil ecosystem producing and delivering services, which will eventually be embodied as feedback in the urban ecosystem. In view of the shortages in the research on classification and modeling of soil ecosystems, focal points are recommended for researches in future, that is, to establish a soil ecosystem service classification system with standards; to build up an eco-process based model for quantification of soil ecosystem services; to unfold researches on mapping and weighing of soil ecosystem services; and to intensify researches on mechanisms and processes of the responses of soil ecosystem services to urbanization. It is hoped that more and more people will be concerned about and involved in researches on soil ecosystem services, and that the findings of the researches will be applied to decision-making of the government on management of soil resource and construction of ecocivilization.
中文关键词	土壤生态系统服务 ; 城市土壤 ; 生态风险 ; 全球变化 ; 土地利用
英文关键词	Soil ecosystem services Urban soil Ecological risk Global change Land use
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5522011
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/233449
作者单位	南京大学地理与海洋科学学院, 南京, 江苏 210023, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	吴绍华,虞燕娜,朱江,等. 土壤生态系统服务的概念、量化及其对城市化的响应[J],2015,52(5):970-978.
APA	吴绍华,虞燕娜,朱江,李保杰,&周生路.(2015).土壤生态系统服务的概念、量化及其对城市化的响应.土壤学报,52(5),970-978.
MLA	吴绍华,et al."土壤生态系统服务的概念、量化及其对城市化的响应".土壤学报 52.5(2015):970-978.